Vol. 8 No. 1: Januari 2025 - Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains (JKS)

Rajindra⁽¹⁾ , Henni Mande⁽²⁾ , Sri Haryani⁽³⁾ , Dirwan⁽⁴⁾

Rukhayati⁽¹⁾ , Muthmainah⁽²⁾ , Farid⁽³⁾ , Haris Abd Kadir⁽⁴⁾ , Selma Yulianur⁽⁵⁾

Sarifuddin T⁽¹⁾ , Nasrulhak Akkas⁽²⁾ , Irma Safitri A Janudin⁽³⁾

Burhanuddin⁽¹⁾ , Guasmin⁽²⁾ , Suwedy⁽³⁾ , Rahmiwati Habibu⁽⁴⁾ , Rifaldi⁽⁵⁾

Ahmad Yani⁽¹⁾ , Yusmanizar⁽²⁾

Muhammad Taufik Rusydi⁽¹⁾

Bahar Amal⁽¹⁾ , Alyssa Nurshafa⁽²⁾ , Nur Kamilah⁽³⁾ , Puspita Ramadaniakir⁽⁴⁾ , Rivky Anandha Maryadii⁽⁵⁾ , Salma Miftahul Jannah⁽⁶⁾

Muhammad Nasir ⁽¹⁾

Putri Deti Ratih⁽¹⁾

Anisa⁽¹⁾ , Rabiah⁽²⁾ , Nur Febrianti⁽³⁾

Puti Miratil Hayati Efri⁽¹⁾ , Isnaini Alya Amanda⁽²⁾ , Khairunnisa⁽³⁾ , Wasiyem⁽⁴⁾

Esa Cintami Yuendi⁽¹⁾ , Annisa Eka Sunarya⁽²⁾ , Wardatul Afiyah⁽³⁾ , Hafiziani Eka Putri⁽⁴⁾ , Ucu Nina Irawati⁽⁵⁾

Eva Mulyani S⁽¹⁾ , Fiqih Inayah⁽²⁾ , Kurnia Permata Sari⁽³⁾ , Wasiyem⁽⁴⁾

Karmila Sadik⁽¹⁾ , Sunarto Kadir⁽²⁾ , Yasir Mokodompis⁽³⁾

Salwiyah Nur Azizah Usman⁽¹⁾ , Laksmyn Kadir⁽²⁾ , Yasir Mokodompis⁽³⁾

Verawaty Y. Hamzah⁽¹⁾ , Sylva Flora Ninta Tarigan⁽²⁾ , Ramly Abudi⁽³⁾

Assyifa Deswita Mrp⁽¹⁾ , Nadia Amanda Azwa⁽²⁾ , Dinda Agus Tantri⁽³⁾ , Dwi Fanny Amanda Natasya⁽⁴⁾ , Faiqah Adnin Purba⁽⁵⁾ , Wasiyem⁽⁶⁾

Thalytha Majma Tsaqifa Taftazani⁽¹⁾ , Nurul Hasna Haifa⁽²⁾ , Nazwa Safira⁽³⁾ , Hafiziani Eka Putri⁽⁴⁾ , Alfiana Nurussama⁽⁵⁾

Easter Merryetta Simanjuntak⁽¹⁾ , Laili Lutfianah⁽²⁾ , Nazwa pahira sopianti⁽³⁾ , Hafiziani Eka Putri⁽⁴⁾ , Teten Ginanjar Rahayu⁽⁵⁾

Nabila Turani⁽¹⁾ , Sylva Flora Ninta Tarigan⁽²⁾ , Putri Ayuningtias Mahdang⁽³⁾

Susanto Airmas⁽¹⁾ , Sylva Flora Ninta Tarigan⁽²⁾ , Ramly Abudi⁽³⁾

Citrawati Botutihe⁽¹⁾ , Herlina Jusuf⁽²⁾ , Moh Rivai Nakoe ⁽³⁾

Regita Dehi⁽¹⁾ , Sunarto Kadir⁽²⁾ , Vidya Avianti Hadju⁽³⁾

Vitaloka Pangulu⁽¹⁾ , Sylva Flora Ninta Tarigan⁽²⁾ , Ramly Abudi⁽³⁾

Sri Meysin Salihi⁽¹⁾ , Herlina Jusuf⁽²⁾ , Yasir Mokodompis⁽³⁾

Dewi Nur Mauliddiah⁽¹⁾ , Ferdhina Salzabila Septiani⁽²⁾ , Aldavia Thursina⁽³⁾ , Hafiziani Eka Putri⁽⁴⁾ , Teten Ginanjar Rahayu⁽⁵⁾

Sheva Febriant Zahra Khoerunnisa⁽¹⁾ , Khosyi Anindya Chotimah⁽²⁾ , Luthfiana Puspa Dewi⁽³⁾ , Afridha Laily Aliandra⁽⁴⁾ , Hafiziani Eka Putri⁽⁵⁾

Akbar Al Farizky⁽¹⁾ , Acep Samsudin⁽²⁾

Zahrati Mansoer⁽¹⁾ , Andi Musda Mappapoleonro⁽²⁾ , Ambar Pawitri⁽³⁾

Maya Sari⁽¹⁾ , Mutata Uwi’ah⁽²⁾

Yusi Nurmala Sari⁽¹⁾ , Maya Sari⁽²⁾

Muhajir Zam Zam⁽¹⁾

Binti Karomah⁽¹⁾

Natashya Rizkia Putri Mustari⁽¹⁾ , Gabriella Putri Kezia Hutasoit⁽²⁾ , Putri Rizky Yanti⁽³⁾ , Dian Fitriani Afifah⁽⁴⁾

Mochammad Fadhlan Dzikrullah⁽¹⁾ , Muhammad Anji Rijal⁽²⁾ , Viona Christina Anatasya Lumbanraja⁽³⁾ , Teten Ginanjar Rahayu⁽⁴⁾ , Hafiziani Eka Putri⁽⁵⁾

Gloria Stevanie Nauli Sianipar⁽¹⁾ , Angelina Qur'ainny⁽²⁾ , Divio Muhammad Julian⁽³⁾ , Iyep Saefulrahman⁽⁴⁾

Salma Nurhaliza Darmansyah⁽¹⁾ , Salsa Nurfazira⁽²⁾ , Najmira Nurul Azizah⁽³⁾ , Hafidziani Eka Putri⁽⁴⁾ , Fitri Nuraeni⁽⁵⁾

Ilmin Nusi⁽¹⁾ , Sunarto Kadir⁽²⁾ , Ulfa Aulia⁽³⁾

Mery Rohana Lisbeth Sibarani⁽¹⁾ , Bambang Supriadi⁽²⁾ , Zabidin⁽³⁾ , Herniwati⁽⁴⁾ , Ozha Tiwa Hiawananta⁽⁵⁾

Ni Wayan Putu Meikapasa Meikapasa⁽¹⁾ , Kartika Gemma Pravitri Kartika⁽²⁾ , Mia Ulpiana⁽³⁾

Widia Ari Susanti⁽¹⁾ , M. Sifa Fauzi Yulianis⁽²⁾

Vicky Hidayat⁽¹⁾ , Ryan Irliawan⁽²⁾ , Muhammad Azka Rozan⁽³⁾ , Iyep Saefulrahman⁽⁴⁾

Nabil Khairul Akmal⁽¹⁾ , Saskia Ayu Andini⁽²⁾ , Ananda Salsabila Putri Hermawan⁽³⁾ , Dian Fitriani⁽⁴⁾

Devano Naufall Akbar⁽¹⁾ , Muhammad Ghifari Arfananda⁽²⁾ , Subhan Saladin⁽³⁾ , Rudiana⁽⁴⁾

M. Sifa Fauzi Yulianis⁽¹⁾ , Widia Ari Susanti⁽²⁾

Sinta Nur Halimah⁽¹⁾ , M. Amin⁽²⁾ , Febriarsita Eka Sasmita⁽³⁾

Putri Indah Paransi⁽¹⁾ , Yuniarty Antu⁽²⁾ , Suliyanti Otto⁽³⁾ , Muhammad Nur Syukriani Yusuf⁽⁴⁾ , Nelyan Helma Mokoginta⁽⁵⁾

Fahmi Azis⁽¹⁾ , Ady Purwoto⁽²⁾ , Annisa Aminda⁽³⁾ , Desty Anggie Mustika⁽⁴⁾ , Pratiwi Ayu Sri D⁽⁵⁾

Hermawanto⁽¹⁾ , Fauzan⁽²⁾ , Muh. Cendekiawan Ainul Haq⁽³⁾ , Ghaffar Ramdi⁽⁴⁾ , Mawardi⁽⁵⁾

Karolus Charlaes Bego⁽¹⁾ , Fajar Rahmat Aziz⁽²⁾ , Riadi Asra Rahmad⁽³⁾ , Sunarto⁽⁴⁾ , Heri Budianto⁽⁵⁾

Muhammad Husin Ali⁽¹⁾ , Akhmad Saripudin⁽²⁾ , Andi Bahri Saputra⁽³⁾ , Syamsudin⁽⁴⁾ , Akmal⁽⁵⁾

Muhammad Umar Kelibia⁽¹⁾ , Liska Fariandi Dwiputro⁽²⁾ , Yudha Deniyanto⁽³⁾ , Annisa Putri Anugrah⁽⁴⁾ , Bambang Supriadi⁽⁵⁾

Madinah Mokobombang⁽¹⁾ , Mig Irianto Legowo⁽²⁾ , Anna Veronica Pont⁽³⁾ , Ady Purwoto⁽⁴⁾ , Habibi⁽⁵⁾

Herry Pasrani Mendrofa⁽¹⁾ , Bambang Supriadi⁽²⁾ , Shinta Happy Yustiari ⁽³⁾ , Arief Fahmi Lubis⁽⁴⁾ , Maulida Khairunnisa⁽⁵⁾

Abdul Rasyid⁽¹⁾ , Rudianto Ramli⁽²⁾ , Sugeng Pramudibyo⁽³⁾ , Monica Pratiwi⁽⁴⁾

Hilman Jayadi⁽¹⁾ , Rahmat⁽²⁾

Rahmad Satria⁽¹⁾ , Anita Yuliastini⁽²⁾ , Aleksander Sebayang⁽³⁾ , Ivan Wagner⁽⁴⁾ , Yuko Fitrian⁽⁵⁾

Yudi Graha⁽¹⁾ , Hilman Jayadi⁽²⁾

Nurhayati Lanjahi⁽¹⁾ , Laksmyn Kadir⁽²⁾ , Nikmatisni Arsad⁽³⁾

Awi Dwi Putra Hutauruk⁽¹⁾ , Syafriman Rivai⁽²⁾ , Misdi⁽³⁾

Baharuddin⁽¹⁾

Ardan Mulya Ramadhan⁽¹⁾ , Ending Sution⁽²⁾ , Faris Iqbal Heryanto⁽³⁾ , Wahyu Umbar Pratama⁽⁴⁾ , Pupung Purnamasari⁽⁵⁾

Rahmiyati Ramli⁽¹⁾ , Sunarto Kadir⁽²⁾ , Nikmatisni Arsad⁽³⁾

Dian Pratiwi Iman⁽¹⁾ , Yuniarty Antu⁽²⁾

Faiz Khaldun⁽¹⁾ , M Gelar Faisal⁽²⁾ , Latif⁽³⁾ , Muhammad Nasir⁽⁴⁾ , Deni Anggreani Sutomo⁽⁵⁾

Nur Andini Sudirman⁽¹⁾ , Ika Wahyu Pratiwi⁽²⁾ , Zirlia Anggraini⁽³⁾ , Taifatul Jannah⁽⁴⁾ , Dewi Hardiyanti Sahabuddin⁽⁵⁾

Mena Sari⁽¹⁾ , Julian Chandra⁽²⁾ , Machfud⁽³⁾

Faisal Herisetiawan Jafar⁽¹⁾ , Yahyanto⁽²⁾

Asry Ines⁽¹⁾ , Althea Serafim Kriswandaru⁽²⁾ , Andi Thamrin ⁽³⁾ , Nur Ida⁽⁴⁾ , Musiana⁽⁵⁾

M. Hendra Pratama Ginting⁽¹⁾ , Rica Gusmarani⁽²⁾

Sri Herlina⁽¹⁾

Fitriani⁽¹⁾ , Sintong H Hutabarat⁽²⁾ , Rezky Awwaliyah⁽³⁾

Syafrizal⁽¹⁾

Andi Indra Martini⁽¹⁾ , Nursiah⁽²⁾

Komala Sari⁽¹⁾ , Moh. Rezsa Kuntara⁽²⁾ , Mirna A. Tolla⁽³⁾

Erwin Agus⁽¹⁾

Sri Astuti Iriyani⁽¹⁾ , Nining Anggeraini⁽²⁾ , Marlina⁽³⁾ , Elyakim Nova Supriyedi Patty⁽⁴⁾ , Herman Supriantono⁽⁵⁾

Supirno⁽¹⁾ , Nurlailah Umar⁽²⁾ , Selvi Alfrida Mangundap⁽³⁾

Sumarni⁽¹⁾ , Elly Yane Bangkele⁽²⁾

Sarinah Basri K⁽¹⁾ , Herlina Jusuf⁽²⁾ , Sylva Flora Ninta Tarigan⁽³⁾ , Ulfa Aulia⁽⁴⁾ , Vidya Avianti Hadju⁽⁵⁾

Kevin Saktia Fahrezy⁽¹⁾ , Jasmine Abir Putri Widodo⁽²⁾ , Kharisatul Uyun⁽³⁾ , Isnaini Laila Afifah⁽⁴⁾ , Rodhotun Nimah ⁽⁵⁾

Muhammad Rizki Ashari⁽¹⁾ , Miftahul Haerati Sulaiman⁽²⁾ , Firmansyah Firmansyah⁽³⁾

Siti Hajar Salawali⁽¹⁾ , Auli Irfah⁽²⁾ , Iwan Usman⁽³⁾ , Svetlanikova⁽⁴⁾

Muhammad Yusrizal⁽¹⁾ , Ramlan⁽²⁾ , Tengku Erwinsyahbana⁽³⁾ , Siti Hajar⁽⁴⁾

Andi Ummul Khair⁽¹⁾ , M. Iqbal Suhaeb⁽²⁾ , Un Dini Imran⁽³⁾ , Haeranah⁽⁴⁾ , Murtiadi Awaluddin⁽⁵⁾

Srifridayanti⁽¹⁾ , Samkamaria⁽²⁾ , Alifa Raema Widana⁽³⁾

Andi Anzanul Zikra⁽¹⁾ , Moh. Rezsa Kuntara⁽²⁾ , Sintong H. Hutabarat⁽³⁾

Fathurahmi F. Rum⁽¹⁾ , A Nur Pratiwi⁽²⁾ , Nindrahayu⁽³⁾

Mansur⁽¹⁾ , Musta’an Karadjo⁽²⁾ , Ferry Fayuhi⁽³⁾

Tria Syafira Matondang⁽¹⁾ , Lilis Karlina Boangmanalu⁽²⁾ , Hairum Nafsiah Purba⁽³⁾ , Ahmad Zaki⁽⁴⁾ , Baharuddin Siregar⁽⁵⁾ , Wasiyem⁽⁶⁾

Syahyono⁽¹⁾ , Risky Fauzzan⁽²⁾ , Damar Putra Kusuma⁽³⁾ , Fani Fitra⁽⁴⁾ , Shabrina Nailussaadah⁽⁵⁾

Chanra M⁽¹⁾ , Ramsiah Tasruddin⁽²⁾

Dewi Arisanti⁽¹⁾ , Suardi⁽²⁾ , Nur Qadri Rasyid⁽³⁾ , Dini Cahyani Putri⁽⁴⁾ , Wa Ode Rustiah⁽⁵⁾

Ambar Pawitri⁽¹⁾ , Zahrati Mansoer⁽²⁾ , Andi Musda Mappapoleonro⁽³⁾

Benny Lim⁽¹⁾ , Bestadrian Prawiro Theng⁽²⁾ , Felix Leonardi⁽³⁾ , Susanto⁽⁴⁾ , Afridayanti Surbakti⁽⁵⁾

Javerson Simamora⁽¹⁾ , Edward Harnjo⁽²⁾ , Eddy Gunawan⁽³⁾ , Erni Dewi Munte⁽⁴⁾ , Mega Sanjaya ⁽⁵⁾

Javerson Simamora⁽¹⁾ , Edward Harnjo⁽²⁾ , Eddy Gunawan⁽³⁾ , Erni Dewi Munte⁽⁴⁾ , Afridayanti Surbakti⁽⁵⁾ , Jasael Simanullang⁽⁶⁾

Sanif Sentosa⁽¹⁾ , Robin⁽²⁾ , Jasael Simanullang ⁽³⁾ , Rafika Sari Br Sembiring⁽⁴⁾ , Victor Saputra Ginting⁽⁵⁾ , Darwan Tanady⁽⁶⁾

Rustan DM⁽¹⁾

Auli Irfah⁽¹⁾ , Siti Hajar Salawali⁽²⁾ , Fahri M Lambana⁽³⁾

Jamaludin Kamarudin⁽¹⁾ , Nur Asia⁽²⁾ , Selvi Juniarni Kadir⁽³⁾

Sintia Friday⁽¹⁾ , Nur Febrianti⁽²⁾ , Muhammad Asrum⁽³⁾

Renawati Didipu⁽¹⁾ , Nur Febrianti⁽²⁾ , Maryam⁽³⁾

Muhammad Riswandi Palawa⁽¹⁾ , Mohammad Ega Nugraha⁽²⁾ , Yoberth Kornelius⁽³⁾ , Armawati⁽⁴⁾ , Nurdiana⁽⁵⁾ , Selvi Sulistiani⁽⁶⁾ , Aslam⁽⁷⁾

Ade Risma⁽¹⁾ , Juhri Panjaitan⁽²⁾ , Sultan Faqih Muhammad Lubis⁽³⁾ , Munanda Andin⁽⁴⁾ , Sri Hajijah Purba⁽⁵⁾

Muhammad Hijerah Al Ahmad⁽¹⁾ , I Putu Artawan⁽²⁾ , M. Ainur Ridlo⁽³⁾ , Eko Wahyudi⁽⁴⁾ , Enny Harviyanti⁽⁵⁾

Adeliani⁽¹⁾ , Rosita⁽²⁾ , Indri Iriani⁽³⁾ , Iwan⁽⁴⁾

Lusiana⁽¹⁾ , Indri Iriani⁽²⁾ , Muhammad Asrum⁽³⁾

Dhea Rizky Fitri Saragi⁽¹⁾ , Riski Andriani⁽²⁾ , Ainun Nuraida⁽³⁾ , Wasiyem⁽⁴⁾

Muhammad Yusuf⁽¹⁾ , Suf Kasman ⁽²⁾

Ramli⁽¹⁾ , Suf Kasman⁽²⁾

Ramli⁽¹⁾ , Mahmuddin⁽²⁾