Dampak Kebijakan Pembangunan Infrastruktur Terhadap Pengurangan Kemiskinan di Daerah Pedesaan
The Impact of Infrastructure Development Policy on Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas
Keywords:
Pembangunan Infrastruktur, Pengurangan Kemiskinan, Pemberdayaan Ekonomi
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan pembangunan infrastruktur terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Buru Selatan (Bursel), Maluku. Infrastruktur yang menjadi fokus penelitian meliputi pembangunan jalan, fasilitas kesehatan, dan akses ke pasar. Pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan analisis korelasi dan regresi sederhana, sedangkan pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan melalui analisis tematik terhadap persepsi masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan infrastruktur berkontribusi terhadap penurunan tingkat kemiskinan sebesar 0,53% dari tahun 2022 hingga 2023. Korelasi negatif antara infrastruktur dan tingkat kemiskinan menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan infrastruktur, seperti jalan dan fasilitas kesehatan, berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan kemiskinan. Namun, hasil tematik mengungkapkan tantangan, seperti kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan, keterbatasan fasilitas pendukung, dan rendahnya pemanfaatan infrastruktur di daerah terpencil. Selain itu, terdapat ketimpangan dalam distribusi pembangunan infrastruktur, sehingga kelompok masyarakat di wilayah terpencil belum sepenuhnya merasakan manfaat yang sama. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan integrasi antara kebijakan pembangunan infrastruktur dengan program pemberdayaan ekonomi dan peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat. Dengan pendekatan holistik yang melibatkan masyarakat secara aktif, pembangunan infrastruktur dapat lebih optimal dalam mendukung pengurangan kemiskinan di daerah perdesaan seperti Kabupaten Buru Selatan.
References
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Joetarto, B., Setiawan, A., & Farida, F. (2020). The impact of village fund program on improving well-being. Jejak, 13(2), 345-366. https:/doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v13i2.24395
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Li, W., Li, J., & Rong, Z. (2020). Rural public expenditure and poverty alleviation in china: a spatial econometric analysis. Journal of Agricultural Science, 12(6), 46. https:/doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n6p46
Liu, X. and Zeng, F. (2022). Poverty reduction in china: does the agricultural products circulation infrastructure matter in rural and urban areas?. Agriculture, 12(8), 1208. https:/doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081208
Mesa, J. and Udju, H. (2023). Peran pemerintah desa dalam pembangunan infrastruktur di desa soba rade dan desa puu mawo, kabupaten sumba barat (uu no. 6 tahun 2014). Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 4(5), 625-635. https:/doi.org/10.59141/jist.v4i5.621
Novizal, R. (2022). Pengaruh pembangunan irigasi terhadap produksi padi dan pendapatan petani di kota langsa. Jurnal Akuntansi Manajemen Dan Ilmu Ekonomi (Jasmien), 3(01), 34-39. https:/doi.org/10.54209/jasmien.v3i01.280
Nurlita, L. (2023). Digital transformation of public health data management through the implementation of e-posyandu in grujugan village, petanahan district, kebumen regency. J-Dinamika Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 8(1), 53-60. https:/doi.org/10.25047/j-dinamika.v8i1.3590
Obokoh, L. and Goldman, G. (2016). Infrastructure deficiency and the performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises in nigeria’s liberalised economy. Acta Commercii, 16(1). https:/doi.org/10.4102/ac.v16i1.339
Olorunfemi, S. (2020). Rural road infrastructural challenges: an impediment to agricultural development in idanre local government area of ondo state, nigeria. Ghana Journal of Geography, 12(2), 108-124. https:/doi.org/10.4314/gjg.v12i2.5
Perdana, M. (2023). Pengaruh dukungan pemerintah, infrastruktur, dan akses pasar terhadap pertumbuhan usaha kewirausahaan di wilayah perkotaan. Sanskara Ekonomi Dan Kewirausahaan, 1(03), 149-161. https:/doi.org/10.58812/sek.v1i03.121
Pham, T. H., Bui, H. N., Duc, D. A., Le, A. D., Ha, D. L., & Ngo, H. A. (2022). The impact of fiscal decentralization on poverty reduction in vietnam. The Economics and Finance Letters, 9(2), 235-243. https:/doi.org/10.18488/29.v9i2.3128
Priseptian, L. and Primandhana, W. (2022). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan. Forum Ekonomi, 24(1), 45-53. https:/doi.org/10.30872/jfor.v24i1.10362
Qin, X., Wu, H., & Shan, T. (2022). Rural infrastructure and poverty in china. Plos One, 17(6), e0266528. https:/doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266528
Rediansyah, G. (2023). Pengaruh infrastruktur, air dan listrik terhadap perekonomian daerah di kabupaten banjarnegara. jees, 1(1), 1-10. https:/doi.org/10.47134/jees.v1i1.57
Safitri, E. (2024). Empowerment strategies for the poor based on spatial patterns in tapin regency. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science, 2(03), 1159-1183. https:/doi.org/10.59653/ijmars.v2i03.924
Sapuan, M. (2024). Implementasi kebijakan publik program percepatan infrastruktur kelurahan (pik). Jurnal Pengabdian Ibnu Sina, 3(2), 153-162. https:/doi.org/10.36352/j-pis.v3i2.862
Saputra, E. and Agustina, D. (2021). Peran institusi masjid dalam pembangunan ekonomi lokal: studi kasus pada masjid jogokariyan yogyakarta. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 2(2), 174. https:/doi.org/10.47700/jiefes.v2i2.3687
Tan, X., Yu, H., An, Y., Wang, Z., Jiang, L., & Ren, H. (2021). Spatial differentiation and influencing factors of poverty alleviation performance under the background of sustainable development: a case study of contiguous destitute areas in hunan province, china. Chinese Geographical Science, 31(6), 1029-1044. https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11769-021-1242-4
W, N. and Gusni, G. (2019). Pengaruh infrastruktur dasar dan sosial terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi desa tertinggal. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 171. https:/doi.org/10.24843/eeb.2019.v08.i02.p03
Wu, Z., Ye, H., & Feng, W. (2023). Spatial effect of transportation infrastructure on regional circular economy: evidence from guangdong-hong kong-macao greater bay area. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(17), 50620-50634. https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25967-w
Yu, N., Jong, M. d., Storm, S., & Mi, J. (2012). Transport infrastructure, spatial clusters and regional economic growth in china. Transport Reviews, 32(1), 3-28. https:/doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2011.603104
Yusuf, R. (2023). Peran perencanaan kota berkelanjutan dalam mengatasi krisis air perkotaan: integrasi infrastruktur hijau, teknologi pemantauan, dan kebijakan publik. Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science, 2(09), 770-779. https:/doi.org/10.58812/jmws.v2i09.628
Zhou, Y., Tong, C., & Wang, Y. (2022). Road construction, economic growth, and poverty alleviation in china. Growth and Change, 53(3), 1306-1332. https:/doi.org/10.1111/grow.12617
Akbar, M., Khan, M., Naveed, A., & Syed, S. (2021). Does an improvement in rural infrastructure contribute to alleviate poverty in pakistan? a spatial econometric analysis. Social Indicators Research, 162(1), 475-499. https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11205-021-02851-z
Anwar, A. P. and Melawati, F. (2024). Efektivitas pengelolaan dana desa dalam pembangunan infrastruktur perdesaan di desa cinengah kecamatan rongga kabupaten bandung barat. Jurnal Interaksi : Jurnal Mahasiswa Administrasi Publik, 1(1), 106-122. https:/doi.org/10.30737/interaksi.v1i1.5174
Artaya, I. P., Purworusmiardi, T., Arimbawa, I. G., & Kamisutara, M. (2020). Existence of licence, infrastructure, and energy recources in increasing small business capacity in sidoarjo district in the new normal 4.0. The Spirit of Society Journal, 3(2), 23-35. https:/doi.org/10.29138/scj.v3i1.1088
Berutu, A., Oktaini, R., Sugengni, S., & Panorama, M. (2021). Analisis pembangunan infrastruktur terhadap pembangunan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir sumatera utara. Berajah Journal, 2(1), 150-155. https:/doi.org/10.47353/bj.v2i1.68
Bovkun, A. (2020). Features of effective development and support of small businesses in single-industry towns.. https:/doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.12.15
Cui, Y. (2018). Evaluating the level of urban infrastructure economic benefit: case study of beijing, china. International Journal of Trade Economics and Finance, 9(1), 25-28. https:/doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.1.583
Fahmi, M., Sahara, S., & Purnamadewi, Y. (2020). The impact of disparity in infrastructure development on aceh’s economic performance: an inter-provincial analysis. Economics and Finance in Indonesia, 66(2), 141. https:/doi.org/10.47291/efi.v66i2.674
Gamboa, G., Mingorría, S., & Scheidel, A. (2020). The meaning of poverty matters: trade-offs in poverty reduction programmes. Ecological Economics, 169, 106450. https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106450
Husnah, N., Arafah, W., Santosa, B., & Radyati, M. R. N. (2023). The role of infrastructure policies in alleviating poverty in indonesia. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 3(1), 41-53. https:/doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v3i1.211
Ima Kumalasari, Laily Akbariah, Catherine Eugene Natasha, & Durratun Nashihah (2023). Mengukur sentimen asn: tinjauan kepuasan asn terhadap perencanaan strategis dalam pembangunan infrastruktur pemerintah daerah di kabupaten pamekasan. Journal of Social and Economics Research, 5(2), 285-292. https:/doi.org/10.54783/jser.v5i2.134
Jiang, H., Chu, Z., & Wang, Q. (2011). Transport infrastructure and regional economic growth: evidence from china. Transportation, 38(5), 737-752. https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11116-011-9349-6
Jiang, L., Wen, H., & Qi, W. (2020). Sizing up transport poverty alleviation: a structural equation modeling empirical analysis. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2020, 1-13. https:/doi.org/10.1155/2020/8835514
Joetarto, B., Setiawan, A., & Farida, F. (2020). The impact of village fund program on improving well-being. Jejak, 13(2), 345-366. https:/doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v13i2.24395
Khoeriyah, S. (2023). Will g20 presidency of indonesia become a road map milestone for sustainable rural economy development?. Jurnal Analis Kebijakan, 6(1), 62-75. https:/doi.org/10.37145/jak.v6i1.457
Kurdi, M. (2023). Strategi pengembangan sdm petani untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kesejahteraan di sektor pertanian di kecamatan lenteng kabupaten sumenep. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis Indonesia, 9(2), 308-315. https:/doi.org/10.32528/jmbi.v9i2.1101
Lambelanova, R. (2017). Implementasi kebijakan otonomi daerah bidang pendidikan, kesehatan dan perekonomian di kabupaten bandung barat. Sosiohumaniora, 19(2). https:/doi.org/10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v19i2.12137
Li, W., Li, J., & Rong, Z. (2020). Rural public expenditure and poverty alleviation in china: a spatial econometric analysis. Journal of Agricultural Science, 12(6), 46. https:/doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n6p46
Liu, X. and Zeng, F. (2022). Poverty reduction in china: does the agricultural products circulation infrastructure matter in rural and urban areas?. Agriculture, 12(8), 1208. https:/doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081208
Mesa, J. and Udju, H. (2023). Peran pemerintah desa dalam pembangunan infrastruktur di desa soba rade dan desa puu mawo, kabupaten sumba barat (uu no. 6 tahun 2014). Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 4(5), 625-635. https:/doi.org/10.59141/jist.v4i5.621
Novizal, R. (2022). Pengaruh pembangunan irigasi terhadap produksi padi dan pendapatan petani di kota langsa. Jurnal Akuntansi Manajemen Dan Ilmu Ekonomi (Jasmien), 3(01), 34-39. https:/doi.org/10.54209/jasmien.v3i01.280
Nurlita, L. (2023). Digital transformation of public health data management through the implementation of e-posyandu in grujugan village, petanahan district, kebumen regency. J-Dinamika Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 8(1), 53-60. https:/doi.org/10.25047/j-dinamika.v8i1.3590
Obokoh, L. and Goldman, G. (2016). Infrastructure deficiency and the performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises in nigeria’s liberalised economy. Acta Commercii, 16(1). https:/doi.org/10.4102/ac.v16i1.339
Olorunfemi, S. (2020). Rural road infrastructural challenges: an impediment to agricultural development in idanre local government area of ondo state, nigeria. Ghana Journal of Geography, 12(2), 108-124. https:/doi.org/10.4314/gjg.v12i2.5
Perdana, M. (2023). Pengaruh dukungan pemerintah, infrastruktur, dan akses pasar terhadap pertumbuhan usaha kewirausahaan di wilayah perkotaan. Sanskara Ekonomi Dan Kewirausahaan, 1(03), 149-161. https:/doi.org/10.58812/sek.v1i03.121
Pham, T. H., Bui, H. N., Duc, D. A., Le, A. D., Ha, D. L., & Ngo, H. A. (2022). The impact of fiscal decentralization on poverty reduction in vietnam. The Economics and Finance Letters, 9(2), 235-243. https:/doi.org/10.18488/29.v9i2.3128
Priseptian, L. and Primandhana, W. (2022). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan. Forum Ekonomi, 24(1), 45-53. https:/doi.org/10.30872/jfor.v24i1.10362
Qin, X., Wu, H., & Shan, T. (2022). Rural infrastructure and poverty in china. Plos One, 17(6), e0266528. https:/doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266528
Rediansyah, G. (2023). Pengaruh infrastruktur, air dan listrik terhadap perekonomian daerah di kabupaten banjarnegara. jees, 1(1), 1-10. https:/doi.org/10.47134/jees.v1i1.57
Safitri, E. (2024). Empowerment strategies for the poor based on spatial patterns in tapin regency. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science, 2(03), 1159-1183. https:/doi.org/10.59653/ijmars.v2i03.924
Sapuan, M. (2024). Implementasi kebijakan publik program percepatan infrastruktur kelurahan (pik). Jurnal Pengabdian Ibnu Sina, 3(2), 153-162. https:/doi.org/10.36352/j-pis.v3i2.862
Saputra, E. and Agustina, D. (2021). Peran institusi masjid dalam pembangunan ekonomi lokal: studi kasus pada masjid jogokariyan yogyakarta. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 2(2), 174. https:/doi.org/10.47700/jiefes.v2i2.3687
Tan, X., Yu, H., An, Y., Wang, Z., Jiang, L., & Ren, H. (2021). Spatial differentiation and influencing factors of poverty alleviation performance under the background of sustainable development: a case study of contiguous destitute areas in hunan province, china. Chinese Geographical Science, 31(6), 1029-1044. https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11769-021-1242-4
W, N. and Gusni, G. (2019). Pengaruh infrastruktur dasar dan sosial terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi desa tertinggal. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 171. https:/doi.org/10.24843/eeb.2019.v08.i02.p03
Wu, Z., Ye, H., & Feng, W. (2023). Spatial effect of transportation infrastructure on regional circular economy: evidence from guangdong-hong kong-macao greater bay area. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(17), 50620-50634. https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25967-w
Yu, N., Jong, M. d., Storm, S., & Mi, J. (2012). Transport infrastructure, spatial clusters and regional economic growth in china. Transport Reviews, 32(1), 3-28. https:/doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2011.603104
Yusuf, R. (2023). Peran perencanaan kota berkelanjutan dalam mengatasi krisis air perkotaan: integrasi infrastruktur hijau, teknologi pemantauan, dan kebijakan publik. Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science, 2(09), 770-779. https:/doi.org/10.58812/jmws.v2i09.628
Zhou, Y., Tong, C., & Wang, Y. (2022). Road construction, economic growth, and poverty alleviation in china. Growth and Change, 53(3), 1306-1332. https:/doi.org/10.1111/grow.12617
