The Effect of Health Education on Low-Salt Diet Knowledge in Hypertensive Patients at Limboto Health Center
Keywords:
Health education, hypertension, low-salt diet, knowledge
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases with an increasing prevalence and is a public health problem because it is often asymptomatic but at risk of causing serious complications. One of the non-pharmacological efforts that plays an important role in controlling hypertension is the implementation of a low-salt diet. However, low patient knowledge about low-salt diets is still a major obstacle in the management of hypertension. This study aims to determine the effect of health education on the knowledge of low-salt diets in hypertensive patients at the Limboto Health Center. This study uses a quantitative design with a pre-experimental approach through one group pretest-posttest design. The study population is hypertension patients recorded in November 2025 with a sample of 44 respondents taken using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out using a low-salt diet knowledge questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Health education is provided through counseling methods using leaflet and Power Point media. Data analysis was carried out using the Paired Sample T-Test to see differences in knowledge levels before and after health education. The results of the study showed that after being given health education, most hypertensive patients had a good level of low-salt diet knowledge but still found patients with sufficient and insufficient knowledge levels. These findings show that there is a knowledge gap in some patients regarding the implementation of a low-salt diet. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous health education by health workers to improve patient understanding in hypertension control.
References
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Amaliah, F., Ngasu, K. E., & Sari, D. N. P. 2024. The relationship between the level of public knowledge about hypertension and low-salt diet consumption patterns. Journal of Nursing Media Research, 7(2): 1–9.
Andri, J., Waluyo, A., Wati, J., & Natashia, D. 2019. Effectiveness of Isometric Handgrip Exercise and Slow Deep Breathing Exercise on Changes in Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients. Silampri Journal of Nursing, 2(3): 556–568.
Azizah, N., & Hartanti, R. D. 2021. Complementary Therapy to Lower Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients. Permas Scientific Journal: STIKES Kendal Scientific Journal, 1(11): 113–120.
Darsini, Fahrurrozi, & Cahyono, E. A. 2019. Knowledge ; Article Review. Journal of Nursing, 12(1): 97.
Fitriah, E., Sari, I. N. S., Novani, N., Norsafitri, R. A., Setiawan, D., & Handayani, N. 2023. Education Using Leaflets Based on Health Believe Model (HBM) Theory in Hypertensive Patients. Abdimasku : Journal of Community Service, 6(2): 432.
Grillo, A., Salvi, L., Coruzzi, P., Salvi, P., & Parati, G. 2019. Sodium intake and hypertension. Nutrients, 11(9): 1–16.
Halawa, A., Usman, A. M., & Nursasmita, R. 2024. The Effect of Health Education on Knowledge and Attitudes About Low-Salt Diets in Hypertensive Patients. National Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 1(2): 1–11.
Huang, L., Trieu, K., Yoshimura, S., Neal, B., Woodward, M., Campbell, N. R. C., Li, Q., Lackland, D. T., Leung, A. A., Anderson, C. A. M., Macgregor, G. A., & He, F. J. 2020. Effect of dose and duration of reduction in dietary sodium on blood pressure levels: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. The BMJ, 368: 8–10.
Iswandari, N. D., Hasanah, S. N., & Mulia, U. S. 2023. Factors that affect hypertension in menopausal women in terminal health centers. Midwifery and Complementary Care, 2(2): 72–84.
Kamso, S., Rumawas, J. S. P., Lukito, W., & Purwantyastuti. 2019. Determinants of blood pressure among Indonesian elderly individuals who are of normal and over-weight: A cross sectional study in an urban population. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 16(3): 546–553.
Ministry of Health. 2023. Indonesian Health Survey (Ski) 2023 in Numbers: Accurate Data for Appropriate Policies. In the Ministry of Health BKPK (pp. 1–68).
Kristinawati, B., Tanaya, V. Y., Arifudin, N. F., Utomo, L. S., Pratama, R. A., & Damayanti, S. E. 2025. Strengthening knowledge of the risk of hypertension complications in the elderly through health education activities. Journal of Independent Society, 9(1): 459–468.
Lichtenstein, A. H., Appel, L. J., Vadiveloo, M., Hu, F. B., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Rebholz, C. M., Sacks, F. M., Thorndike, A. N., Van Horn, L., & Wylie-Rosett, J. 2021. Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 144(23): E472–E487.
Listari, R. P., Wijayanti, D. P., & Sulistyowati, A. 2025. The Effect of Health Education on Knowledge and Attitudes About Low-Salt Diets in Hypertensive Patients. Journal of Health Sciences, 32(2): 251–259.
Muhadi. 2019. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) in Hypertensive Patients. CDK-272, 46(9): 680–684.
Notoatmodjo, S. 2020. Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences.
Nurpratiwi, N., Akbar, A., Amaludin, M., Hidayat, U. R., Alfikri, F., Hatmalyakin, D., & Anggela, R. 2022. Hypertension Response Education in Lemukutan Village, Sungai Raya District, Islands of Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan Province. Journal of Community Service Creativity (PKM), 1(1): 252–260.
Oktaviana, E., & Rispawati, B. H. 2023. The Effect of Education on Hypertension Patient Knowledge. Journal of Professional Nurse Research, 5(1): 263–268.
Pakaya, N., Hamzah, T., & Liputo, G. P. 2025. The Relationship of Stress with Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients. Journal of Health Sciences, 1(1): 52–58.
Pakaya, N., & Rahim, R. W. S. 2024. Increased ability to perform deep breathing relaxation to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Journal of Community Service in the Field of Optimal Nursing, 1(1): 27–32.
Panjaitan, R., Desi, S., Ulina, E., & Rambey, H. 2023. Socialization of a Low Salt Diet for Hypertensive Patients at Karang Anyar Health Center. Journal of Community Service, 3(2): 139–144.
Pehopu, I. A., Irwan, A. M., Sjattar, E. L., Changmai, S., & Abd Aziz, N. A. 2025. Continuous follow-up intervention of a low-salt diet to control blood pressure among older people with hypertension in rural Indonesia. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 32(1): 101943.
Purwanto, E., & Rajab, M. A. (2023). The Effect of Brisk Walking Exercise on Hypertensive Patients. Journal of Forikes Voice Health Research, 14(12), 19–25.
Rajab, M. A., & Purwanto, E. 2023. Development of a program to reduce salt intake in the elderly with hypertension. Journal of Forikes Voice Health Research, 14(3): 510–517.
Rasnawati, Syaifuddin, & Fajriansi, A. 2023. The relationship between knowledge and attitude with control of a low-salt diet in people with hypertension. Scientific Journal of Nursing Students & Research (JIMPK), 3(4): 151–158.
Riskesdas RI. 2018. National Riskesdas Report 2018. In the Publishing Institution of IAARD. Institute for Health Research and Development (LPB).
Safitri, I., & Fitriyani, P. 2021. Overview of hypertension patients' knowledge of low-salt diets. Kusuma Husada Health Journal, 12(1): 63–70.
Sari, K. D. P., Wiardani, N. K., & Sugiani, P. P. 2023. The Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Low-Salt Diet Adherence and Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients in the Working Area of the North Kuta Health Center. Journal of Nutrition Science, 12(3): 209–216.
Simbolon, Jumiyati, D., & Ningsih, S. 2021. The Effect of Education on Hypertension Diet Knowledge and Adherence in Outpatients. Journal of Health, 2(12): 189–196.
Sintia, F., Ikdafila, Fatmawati, Darwis, N., Ruslang, & A.R., A. 2024. The relationship between knowledge and length of suffering from hypertension with dietary adherence in the work area of the lempa health center. Scientific Journal of Mapping, 6(1): 1–9.
Sriyanti, Meldasari, J., & Situmorang, B. H. L. 2024. The Relationship between the Level of Knowledge of a Low Salt Diet and the Incidence of Hypertension in the Elderly in the Working Area of the Binontoan Health Center, North Tolitoli District. Journal of Tambusai Education, 8(3): 41721–41729.
Suardi, Sumarmi, Kamriana, Patmawati, Ernawati, Dewiyanti, Oktaviana, D., Alwi, Arafah, S., Ilham, R., Zainuddin, & Purwanto, E. (2024). Education on Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) for the Elderly of the Lamangkia Coast. Genitri: Journal of Community Service in the Health Sector, 3(2), 26–31.
Suciana, F., Agustina, N. W., & Zakiatul, M. 2020. The long-term correlation of suffering from hypertension with the level of anxiety of people with hypertension. Journal of Nursing and Public Health Scholar Utama, 9(2): 146.
Suciana, F., Kusumaningrum, P. R., Zukhri, S., & Mawardi, S. F. S. 2022. Overview of Knowledge of a Low Salt Diet in Hypertensive Patients in Batusari Hamlet. JUKEJ: Journal of Jompa Health, 1(1): 98–103.
Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Himmelfarb, C. D., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S., Jamerson, K. A., Jones, D. W., MacLaughlin, E. J., Muntner, P., Ovbiagele, B., Smith, S. C., Spencer, C. C., Stafford, R. S., Taler, S. J., Thomas, R. J., Williams, K. A., ... Hundley, J. 2018. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical pr. In Hypertension (Vol. 71, Issue 6).
WHO. 2021. Hypertension fact sheet. Geneva : World Health Organization.
WHO. 2023. Global report on hypertension : The against a silent killer (Vol. 01).
Yusuf, N. A. R., Sartika, Purwanto, E., & Maryadi. (2025). Analysis of Sociodemographic Factors Affecting Family Care Burden in the Elderly with Hypertension. Behavioral Care Journal, 4(2), 242–252.
Published
2026-02-25
How to Cite
Dhea Putri Puluhulawa, Nasrun Pakaya, & Sitti Fatimah M. Arsad. (2026). The Effect of Health Education on Low-Salt Diet Knowledge in Hypertensive Patients at Limboto Health Center. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 8(2), 987~997. https://doi.org/10.56338/ijhess.v8i2.10505
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Dhea Putri Puluhulawa, Nasrun Pakaya, Sitti Fatimah M. Arsad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
