Konsumsi Vitamin A untuk Mencegah Kejadian Stunting : Systematic Review
Consumption of Vitamin A to Prevent Stunting Incidents: Systematic Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Stunting atau pendek merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak bayi dan balita akibat dari kekurangan gizi kronis dan kondisi ini akan terlihat setelah anak berusia 2 tahun. Data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2007 angka prevalensi stunting di Indonesia yaitu 36,8%, tahun 2010 yaitu 35,6%, dan pada tahun 2013 prevalensinya meningkat menjadi 37,2%, terdiri dari 18% sangat pendek dan 19,2% pendek. Data Riskesdas tahun 2018 menunjukkan prevalensi balita stunting di Indonesia sebesar 30,8%. Suplementasi Vitamin A berpengaruh terhadap dua indikator gizi anak yaitu anemia (dikategorikan menjadi anemia, dan anemia ringan/sedang) dan kegagalan antropometrik (stunting, wasting, dan underweight) pada anak usia 6–59 bulan.
Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi vitamin A dengan kejadian stunting
Metode: penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literatur Review dengan menggunakan 3 alat atau mesin pencarian jurnal, yaitu Embase, ScienceDirect, PubMed dan menggunakan diagram PRISMA (Preffered Reporting Item For Systematic Review and Meta Analysis) yang di terbitkan dalam tahun 2014 sampai 2023. Jurnal yang didapat sebanyak 441 jurnal dan 10 jurnal di review peneliti.
Hasil: 7 dari 10 artikel yang di analiasis ada hubungan antara konsumsi Vitamin A dengan kejadian Stunting, ini menunjukan bahwa asupan micronutrient (Vit A) yang rendah akan beresiko lebih besar terhadap kejadian Stunting.
Kesimpulan: balita yang tidak mendapatkan/mengkonsumsi vitamin A maka semakin besar untuk kejadian Stunting.
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