Manfaat Serat Larut Air untuk Kontrol Glikemik pada Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2: Systematic Review
Soluble Fiber Benefits for Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: DM tipe 2 merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang mempunyai prevalensi tertinggi di dunia. Asupan serat yang tinggi selalu menjadi rekomendasi dalam penatalaksanaan diabetes. Serat merupakan salah satu faktor yang berkontribusi pada kontrol glikemik pasien DM Tipe 2.
Tujuan: Tinjauan sistematis ini menganalisis manfaat asupan serat larut air dengan kontrol glikemik pada pasien DM Tipe 2.
Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu tinjauan sistematis. Penelusuran artikel melalui database elektronik PUBMED, EMBESE dan SCOPUS yang diterbitkan dalam rentang tahun 2014 – 2023 dengan kriteria yang disusun berdasarkan kerangka kerja PICO. Artikel dicari menggunakan kata kunci yang sudah di tetapkan dengan bahasa inggris. Systematic Review ini menggunakan 10 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan sesuai relevansi. Hasil pencarian database disajikan menggunakan diagram alir PRISMA.
Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis, 9 dari 10 artikel menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara asupan serat larut air dengan kontrol glikemik pada penderita DM Tipe 2. Asupan serat yang tinggi pada pasien DM Tipe 2 berhubungan dengan kontrol glikemik yang baik dibandingkan dengan yang asupan seratnya rendah.
Kesimpulan: Pasien DM Tipe 2 yang serat harian nya tidak tercukupi memiliki kontrol glikemik yang kurang baik. Konsumsi asupan serat
makanan yang lebih tinggi secara konsisten dikaitkan dengan status kontrol glikemik yang lebih baik dan menunjukkan efek perlindungan jangka panjang.
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