Resiliensi dan Strategi Koping pada Tenaga Kesehatan Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19 : Literature Review
Resilience and Coping Strategies in Healthcare Workers Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic : Literature Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 menempatkan tenaga kesehatan dalam situasi berisiko mengalami kelelahan, stres, kecemasan, depresi dan insomnia. Risiko ini harus dapat dikenali dan diatasi oleh tenaga kesehatan sedini mungkin agar tidak mengganggu kinerjanya. Ketahanan (resiliency) mental dan strategi koping yang baik dapat membantu tenaga kesehatan dalam menghadapi situasi stres akibat krisis pandemi.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana ketahanan mental tenaga kesehatan dan strategi koping yang dibutuhkan dalam menghadapi krisis pandemi COVID-19.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan systematic review dengan metode PRISMA menggunakan pencarian mendetail dalam basis data elektronik ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus dan SpringerLink, Cochrane.
Hasil: Resiliensi dan strategi koping yang baik sangat dibutuhkan tenaga kesehatan untuk menghadapi stres selama pandemi COVID-19. Resiliensi dan strategi koping tenaga kesehatan dapat ditingkatkan dengan berpikiran positif, melakukan aktivitas yang menyenangkan, beribadah, rutin berolah raga, memperbaiki kualitas tidur, makan bergizi, tetap bersosialisasi dan mendapatkan dukungan sosial dari lingkungan
Kesimpulan: Resiliensi dan strategi koping memiliki peran protektif dalam mengatasi masalah kesehatan mental tenaga kesehatan selama pandemi COVID-19. Konseling rutin, kegiatan strategi koping dan konsep manajemen stres untuk tenaga kesehatan dapat menjadi pilihan bagi manajemen rumah sakit dalam rangka memberikan dukungan kepada karyawannya.
References
Aly HM., Nemr NA., Kishk RM., et al. Stress, anxiety and depression among healthcare workers facing COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt: a cross-sectional online-based study. BMJ Open 2021;11:e045281
Motahedi S, Aghdam NF, Khajeh M., et al. Anxiety and depression among healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon Vol. 7, Iss 12, (2021), e08570.
Lorenzo L., Quattropani MC., Sardella A., et al. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Outbreak and Relationships with Expressive Flexibility and Context Sensitivity. Frontiers in Psychology 12:623033 (2021).
Macı´a P, Barranco M, Gorbeña S, A´lvarez-Fuentes E, Iraurgi I. Resilience and coping strategies in relation to mental health outcomes in people with cancer. PLoS ONE 16(5): e0252075 (2021)
Labrague LJ. Psychological resilience, coping behaviours and social support among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review of quantitative studies. Journal of Nursing Management 2021;00:1–13.
VandenBos. APA Dictionary of Psychology, 2nd edition, USA: American Psychological Association. 2015.
Maiorano T., et al. COVID-19: Risk Factors and Protective Role of Resilience and Coping Strategies for Emergency Stress and Secondary Trauma in Medical Staff and Emergency Workers—An Online-Based Inquiry. Sustainability; Basel Vol. 12, Iss. 21, (2020): 9004.
Stanislawski K. The Coping Circumplex Model: An Integrative Model of the Structure of Coping with Stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 16 April 2019.
Wu Q., Li D., Yan M., Li Y. Mental health status of medical staff in Xinjing Province of China based on the normalization of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 74 (2022) 102928.
American Psychological Association. Psychology’s understanding of the challenges related to the COVID-19 global pandemic in the United States. 2020.
Blasdo-Belled A., et al. Mental health among the general population and healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analyses of well-being and psychological distress prevalence. Current Psychology (2022)
Smallwood N., et al. Coping strategies adopted by Australian frontline health workers to address psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. General Hospital Psychiatry 72 (2021) 124–130
Tahara M., Mashizume Y., Takahashi K. Coping Mechanisms: Exploring Strategies Utilized by Japanese Healthcare Workers to Reduce Stress and Improve Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Jan; 18(1): 131.
Htay MNN., et al. How healthcare workers are coping with mental health challenges during COVID-19 pandemic? - A cross-sectional multi countries study. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health. Jul-Sep 2021;100759.
Bozdag F., Ergun N. Psychological resilience of healthcare professional during COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Rep. 2021 Dec; 124(6):2567-2586
Hong Y. et al. Resilience and Work-Related Stress May Affect Depressive Symptoms in Nursing Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era. Psychiatry Investigation. 2021 Apr; 18(4): 357-363
Lorente L., Vera M., Peiro T. Nurses´ stressors and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of coping and resilience. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2021 Mar; 77(3): 1335-1344
Croghan IT. Stress, resilience and coping of Health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health. Jan-Dec 2021; 12: 21501327211008448
Vagni M., Maiorano T., Giostra V., Pajardi D. Hardiness and Coping Strategies as Mediators of Stress and Secondary Trauma in Emergency Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability 2020, 12(18), 7561
Ortiz-Calvo E., et al. The role of social support and resilience in the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers in Spain. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2022 Apr; 148:181-187
DeTore NR., Sylvia L., Park ER., et al. Promoting resilience in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic with a brief online intervention. Journal of Psychiatric Research 146 (2022) 228–233
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license. 
