Determinan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut oleh Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Puskesmas Pancoran Mas Kota Depok
Determinants of the Utilization of Dental and Oral Health Care Services by Pregnant Women in Pancoran Mas Health Center Depok City
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Penyakit gigi dan mulut memiliki hubungan dengan kondisi kehamilan dan risiko kelahiran yang merugikan, seperti BBLR dan kelahiran prematur. Pemeriksaan gigi dan mulut saat kehamilan memiliki banyak manfaat bagi ibu dan bayinya, tetapi angka pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dari beberapa penelitian sebelumnya di Indonesia masih rendah.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut oleh ibu hamil di wilayah Puskesmas Pancoran Mas, Kota Depok.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel minimal 162 responden dari Mei-Juni 2018. Penarikan sampel menggunakan teknik multistage random sampling yang terdiri dari ibu hamil dan ibu yang memiliki anak berusia sampai dengan satu tahun yang tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pancoran Mas, Kota Depok. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner dan dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dengan chi-square, dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik ganda.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya terdapat 25,9% responden yang melakukan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut selama kehamilan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis multivariat, perceived need merupakan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan terhadap pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut selama kehamilan (nilai p=0,013; OR=3,295), setelah dikontrol oleh variabel kepemilikan asuransi dan keterpaparan informasi.
Kesimpulan: Proporsi ibu hamil yang memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut selama kehamilan masih sangat rendah dan perceived need merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut selama kehamilan.
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