Emotional Burnout and Mental Health Predictors Among Female Preschool Teachers

  • Ekawati Ekawati Occupational Safety and Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro
  • Yuliani Setyaningsih Occupational Safety and Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro
  • Ida Wahyuni Occupational Safety and Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro
  • Bina Kurniawan Occupational Safety and Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro
Keywords: Female, Mental Health, Preschool Teachers, Subjective Fatigue

Abstract

Introduction: Preschool teacher profession with the work demands of preschool female teachers with diverse characters is a challenge and a source of pressure that can lead to poor mental health and job burnout. This study was conducted to analyse factors associated with mental health and subjective job burnout.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 37 female early childhood teachers in Semarang. Data were collected using a structured Google Form-based questionnaire containing questions regarding work capacity, such as age, weight, height, tenure, and marital status and analysed with descriptive statistics and chi-square test.

Results: Most preschool female teachers experienced mental health 59.5% and subjective job burnout 37.8%. The results of the relationship test explained that there was a relationship between tenure and mental health (p=0.013).

Conclusion: We showed that tenure of preschool female teachers is significantly associated with mental health. The provision of mental health management and fatigue prevention education are needed for both new and experienced teachers.

References

Wang L, Dang R, Bai Y, et al. Teacher qualifications and development outcomes of preschool children in rural China. Early Child Res Q. 2020;53:355-369. doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2020.05.015

Lei Y, Pan F, Guo Q. A longitudinal analysis of the reciprocal relationship between teacher job satisfaction, workplace climate, and early childhood teachers’ turnover intention. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2024;251(August). doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104559

Sudiono S, Mulyono S, Permatasari H. Analysis of Workload and Work-Result Levels on Work Fatigue in Elementary School Teachers in West Karawang District. J Ners. 2023;7(1):556-563. doi:10.31004/jn.v7i1.13772

Terzic-Supic Z, Piperac P, Maksimovic A, Karic S, Hacko B, Todorovic J. Burnout among preschool teachers in Serbia. Eur J Public Health. 2020;30(Supplement_5):2020. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1051

Li S, Li Y, Lv H, et al. The prevalence and correlates of burnout among Chinese preschool teachers. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1-10. doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8287-7

Dwi Prihatini S, Inayah, SKM., M.Kes Z. Hubungan Beban Kerja Dengan Kelelahan Kerja Pada Guru Taman Kanak-Kanak Pikpg Gresik. J Public Heal Sci Res. 2023;4(2):13. doi:10.30587/jphsr.v4i2.5603

Yudhiarti NP. KESEHATAN MENTAL GURU PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI. J FASCHO J Penelit DAN Pendidik ANAK USIA DINI,. Published online 2021.

Polishchuk O, Koltunovych T, Andrieieva Y, Heisonyuk N, Oliinyk M. Job Satisfaction and Professional Burnout of Preschool Teachers. Rev Rom pentru Educ Multidimens. 2022;14(4):325-352. doi:10.18662/rrem/14.4/644

Zhao N, Huo M, Van Den Noortgate W. Exploring burnout among preschool teachers in rural China: a job demands-resources model perspective. Front Psychol. 2023;14(October):1-16. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1253774

Usaci D. PROFESSIONAL SATISFACTION , OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND EMOTIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL EXHAUSTION SYNDROME OF. 2018;XXI:183-193.

Tarwaka. Ergonomi Industri (Dasar-dasar Pengetahuan Ergonomi dan Aplikasi di Tempat Kerja. Harapan Press. Published online 2015.

Sillehu S, Lating Z, Ibrahim I, Lapodi AR. Analysis of the Quality of the Work Environment and Nutritional Status on the Fatigue of Educators. JUMANTIK (Jurnal Ilm Penelit Kesehatan). 2022;7(2):168. doi:10.30829/jumantik.v7i2.11032

Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua I, Sari Mutiara Indoensia Alamat U, Besar Deli Tua No J, Tua KabDeli Serdang D. Hubungan Masa Kerja Dan Usia Kerja Dengan Kelelahan Fisik Pada Pekerja Wanita Nina Fentiana Daniel Ginting. J Ilmu Kesehat dan Gizi. 2023;1(4).

Özdemir B, Demir A. Romantic relationship satisfaction, age, course load, satisfaction with income and parental status as predictors of instructors’ burnout: Evidence from a correlational study. Curr Psychol. 2019;38(5):1083-1098. doi:10.1007/s12144-017-9724-3

Ilies R, Huth M, Ryan AM, Dimotakis N. Explaining the links between workload, distress, and work-family conflict among school employees: Physical, cognitive, and emotional fatigue. J Educ Psychol. 2015;107(4):1136-1149. doi:10.1037/edu0000029

Parombean AC, Abidin FA, Qodariah L, Novita S. Adaptation of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) for Adolescents - Indonesian Version. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2023;16(July):2655-2665. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S412460

Ramdan IM. Measuring Work Fatigue on Nurses: A Comparison between Indonesian Version of Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) and Japanese Industrial Fatigue Ressearch Commite (JIFRC) Fatigue Questionnaire. J Keperawatan Padjadjaran. 2019;7(2):143-153. doi:10.24198/jkp.v7i2.1092

Merlin NM. Influence of depression, stress and anxiety on work performance among timor island nurses in tuberculosis/HIV unit and covid-19 unit. J Psychiatr Nurs. Published online 2022. doi:10.14744/phd.2022.79027

Vesely CK, Brown EL, Mehta S, Horner CG. ‘Staying Afloat’: A Mixed Methods Study of the Financial and Psychological Well-being of Early Childhood Educators. Early Child Educ J. 2024;52(2):293-304. doi:10.1007/s10643-022-01429-9

World Health Organization. (2020). Global status report on preventing violence against children. Geneva, World Health Organization.

Herman KC, Hickmon-Rosa J, Reinke WM. Empirically Derived Profiles of Teacher Stress, Burnout, Self-Efficacy, and Coping and Associated Student Outcomes. J Posit Behav Interv. 2018;20(2):90-100. doi:10.1177/1098300717732066

Wang X, Wongpakaran T, Pojanapotha P, Chupradit P, Leung KCY. Anxiety and Associated Factors Among Chinese Preschool Teachers. Educ Sci. 2024;14(11):1242. doi:10.3390/educsci14111242

Agyapong B, Obuobi-Donkor G, Burback L, Wei Y. Stress, Burnout, Anxiety and Depression among Teachers: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10706. doi:10.3390/ijerph191710706

Fan LB, Blumenthal JA, Watkins LL, Sherwood A. Work and home stress: associations with anxiety and depression symptoms. Occup Med (Chic Ill). 2015;65(2):110-116. doi:10.1093/occmed/kqu181

Li S, Li Y, Lv H, et al. The prevalence and correlates of burnout among Chinese preschool teachers. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):160. doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8287-7

Xu C, Xu Y, Xu S, et al. Cognitive Reappraisal and the Association Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety Symptoms in COVID-19 Isolated People. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11(September):1-8. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00858

Qian G, Wu Y, Wang W, et al. Perceived Stress and Mental Health Literacy Among Chinese Preschool Teachers: A Moderated Mediation Model of Anxiety and Career Resilience. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2023;16(August):3777-3785. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S422311

Zhang S, Luo Y. Review on the conceptual framework of teacher resilience. Front Psychol. 2023;14(July). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1179984

Ran L, Wang W, Ai M, Kong Y, Chen J, Kuang L. Psychological resilience, depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms in response to COVID-19: A study of the general population in China at the peak of its epidemic. Soc Sci Med. 2020;262(July):113261. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113261

World Health Organization. Burn-out an “occupational phenomenon”: International Classification of Diseases, 2019 [displayed 31 May 2024]. Available at https://www.who.int/news/item/28-05-2019-burn-out_an-occupational-phenomenon-international-classificatio.

Halwa Ruvaida, Ari Widyarni, Abdullah M. Hubungan Beban Kerja, Masa Kerja dan Status Gizi Dengan Kelelahan Kerja Pada Guru SDIT Qurrata A’yun Kandangan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan The. (Doctoral Diss Univ Islam Kalimantan MAB). 2024;10(1):1-52. doi:10.21608/pshj.2022.250026

Piperac P, Terzi?-Supi? Z, Maksimovi? A, et al. Burnout syndrome among preschool teachers in Serbia. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2024;75(2):116-124. doi:10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3825

Zhang L, Pan X, Liu Z. A Brief Analysis of the Mental Health Condition of Preschool Teachers-Take kindergarten A and B as the Example for Investigation and Research. 2018;184(Icesem):1131-1134. doi:10.2991/icesem-18.2018.264

Parmasari DH, Kunci K. Hubungan Karakteristik Individu dengan Kelelahan Kerja pada Guru Sekolah Menengah Atas © 2022 Program Studi S-1 Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. 2024;19(September):32-36.

Soomro AA, Breitenecker RJ, Shah SAM. Relation of work-life balance, work-family conflict, and family-work conflict with the employee performance-moderating role of job satisfaction. South Asian J Bus Stud. 2018;7(1):129-146. doi:10.1108/SAJBS-02-2017-0018

Rabenu E, Tziner A, Sharoni G. The relationship between work-family conflict, stress, and work attitudes. Int J Manpow. 2017;38(8):1143-1156. doi:10.1108/IJM-01-2014-0014

Hyseni Duraku Z, Jahiu G, Geci D. The Interplay of Individual and Organizational Factors With Early Childhood Teachers’ Level of Work Motivation, job Satisfaction, and Burnout. Int J Educ Reform. 2025;34(1):106-121. doi:10.1177/10567879221114891

Atteh E, Martin G, Oduro AT, Mensah FA, Gyamfi R. An Overview on Influence of Work-family Life Conflict among Female Teachers and their Job Satisfaction in Schools. Asian J Educ Soc Stud. Published online July 6, 2020:48-58. doi:10.9734/ajess/2020/v9i230245

Hong X, Liu Q, Zhang M. Dual Stressors and Female Pre-school Teachers’ Job Satisfaction During the COVID-19: The Mediation of Work-Family Conflict. Front Psychol. 2021;12. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.691498

Septiyani F, Putri ME, Effendi R, et al. Hubungan Masa Kerja dan Faktor Risiko lainnya dengan Tingkat Depresi pada Guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri di 4 Kelurahan di Kecamatan Kopo Kabupaten Serang Tahun 2023. 2023;4:1-12.

Published
2025-03-06
How to Cite
Ekawati, E., Setyaningsih, Y., Wahyuni, I., & Kurniawan, B. (2025). Emotional Burnout and Mental Health Predictors Among Female Preschool Teachers. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 8(3), 221-231. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v8i3.6978