The Effectiveness of Family Support on Medication Adherence in Preventing Recurrence in People with Schizophrenia: Scoping Review
Abstract
ntroduction: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that generally occurs in individuals in their late teens to early thirties. This disorder has symptoms including irrational thoughts, delusions, persistent hallucinations, disorganised behaviour accompanied by high anxiety, and decreased cognitive function which causes schizophrenics to experience decreased social function, so they have difficulty in living their daily lives and require long-term treatment. One of the biggest challenges in managing schizophrenia is preventing recurrence. Recurrence in people with schizophrenia is often caused by their non-compliance in taking medication and following a series of treatments. The recurrence rate also depends on how the family provides support and attention to the patient, so that the patient can be obedient and regular in taking medication.
Objective: This article aims to describe the effectiveness of family support on medication adherence in preventing recurrence in people with schizophrenia.
Method: This research uses the literature review method by searching three databases namely Scopus, ProQuest and ScienceDirect. The selected articles were analysed using prism flowchart for data extraction. The article search results found 3 related studies.
Result: The review found 68.3% of individuals with schizophrenia had low medication adherence, and more than 50% experienced a decline in social functioning. There was a relationship between medication adherence and social functioning of schizophrenia patients (r = 0.83; p = 0.001). Family support is closely related to schizophrenia adherence to medication. Schizophrenia patients who get strong family support are usually more disciplined in taking medication and have a lower risk of recurrence.
Conclusion: The results of this study conclude that family support will be effective on patient compliance in taking medication, if the family has provided attention and support consistently. Thus, health care providers need to integrate family support programmes and psychoeducation on how to provide effective support as part of the treatment plan. In addition, public health policies are also needed to encourage the development of programmes that support family involvement in schizophrenia treatment.
References
World Health Organization. Mental health [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/mental-health#tab=tab_1
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Mengenal gangguan mental [Internet]. 2023. Available from: https://yankes.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/2697/mengenal-gangguan mental#:~:text=Skizofrenia%20adalah%20gangguan%20mental%20yang,antara%20kenyataan%20dengan%20pikirannya%20sendiri
World Health Organization. Mental disorders [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders
Rokom. Kemenkes beberkan masalah permasalahan jiwa di Indonesia [Internet]. 2021. Available from: https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20211007/1338675/kemenkes-beberkan-masalah-permasalahan-kesehatan-jiwa-di-indonesia/
American Psychological Association. Schizophrenia [Internet]. 2009. Available from: https://www.apa.org/topics/schizophrenia
World Health Organization. Schizophrenia [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/schizophrenia
National Institute of Mental Health. Schizophrenia [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/schizophrenia
Kementrerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan nasional RISKESDAS tahun 2018 [Internet]. Jakarta; 2019. Available from: Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional.pdf (kemkes.go.id)
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Upaya mencegah kekambuhan pasien gangguan [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://yankes.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/655/upaya-mencegah-kekambuhan-pasien-gangguan-jiwa
Idayati, Suci NW. Hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kekambuhan pada pasien skizofrenia di poliklinik rumah sakit jiwa daerah Provinsi Lampung tahun 2022. Healthcare Nurs J [Internet]. 2023; 5(1):661-668. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35568/healthcare.v5i1.2890
Zygmunt A, Olfson M, Boyer CA, Mechanic, D. Interventions to improve medication adherence in schizophrenia [Internet]. American J of Psych. 2002;159(10):1653–1664. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159. 10.1653
Purba J M, Simamora R H, Karota E. The relationship of medication adherence and social functioning of persons with schizophrenia in the long-term period [Internet]. Macedonia J of Med Sci. 2021;9(T3):16-18. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6302
Chai X, Liu Y, Mao Z, Li S. Barriers to medication adherence for rural patients with mental disorders in eastern China: a qualitative study [Internet]. BMC Psychistry. 2021;21(1):141. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03144-y
American Psychiatric Association. What is schizophrenia [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/schizophrenia/what-is-schizophrenia
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023 [Internet]. 2023. Available from: https://layanandata.kemkes.go.id/katalog-data/ski/ketersediaan-data/ski-2023
Intharit J, Kittiwattanagul K, Chaveepojnkamjorn W, Tudpor K. Risk and protective factors of relapse in patients with firstepisode schizophrenia from perspectives of health professionals: a qualitative study in northeastern Thailand [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review] [Internet]. F100Research. 2021;10:499. Available from: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53317.1
Silviyana A, Kusumajaya H, Fitri N. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kekambuhan pada pasien skizofrenia [Internet]. J Penelit Per Prof. 2024;6(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.37287/jppp.v6i1.2031
Dewi HA, Herlianti L. Hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan minum obat ODGJ di rsud dr. Soekardjo Kota Tasikmalaya [Internet]. J Kes Bakti Tunas Husa. 2021;21(2). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.36465/jkbth.v21i2.758
Larasati DA, Apriliyani I, Rahmawati AN. Hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan Tingkat kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien skizofrenia di wilayah kerja puskesmas kembaran II [Internet]. Prof Heal J. 2023;4(2):295-301. Available from: https://doi.org/10.54832/phj.v4i2.379
Gusdiansyah E, Mailita W. Hubungan dukungan keluarga dan beban keluarga dengan tingkatan skizofrenia [Internet]. JKA. 2021;5(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.36341/jka.v5i1.1788
Copyright (c) 2024 Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy retain the copyright of their work. The journal applies a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0), which grants the following rights:
-
Copyright Retention: Authors retain the copyright of their work, maintaining full control over their intellectual property without restrictions.
-
Right of First Publication: Authors grant the journal the right of first publication of their work. This ensures that the work is initially published and credited in Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy.
-
License to Share and Reuse: The work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0, allowing others to copy, distribute, remix, and build upon the work for any purpose, even commercially, as long as proper credit is given to the authors, and any new creations are licensed under the same terms.
