Analisis Faktor Psikososial Terhadap Kejadian Stres Kerja pada Karyawan Perusahaan Jasa Pertambangan di PT X Tahun 2024
Analysis of Psychosocial Factors on the Occurrence of Occupational Stress in Mining Services Company Employees at PT X in 2024
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Survei yang dilakukan dengan melibatkan 4.170 karyawan dari berbagai perusahaan di seluruh dunia melaporkan peningkatan persentase karyawan yang mengalami tingkat stres menengah dan tinggi pada tahun 2023, yaitu sebesar 73%. Kesenjangan antara tuntutan pekerjaan saat ini dan keterbatasan keterampilan karyawan dapat menyebabkan stres di tempat kerja. Faktor di tempat kerja yang dapat menyebabkan stres kerja dikenal dengan istilah faktor atau bahaya psikososial. Selama 5 tahun terakhir, terdapat 16 kejadian kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi pada Perusahaan Jasa Pertambangan (PJP) di PT X. Berdasarkan hasil investigasi, penyebab dasar dari kecelakaan kerja tersebut berhubungan dengan kondisi personal karyawan yang berkaitan dengan faktor psikososial di tempat kerja.
Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor psikososial pada karyawan Perusahaan Jasa Pertambangan di PT X, serta menganalisis hubungannya terhadap kejadian stres kerja.
Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan desain studi potong lintang, dengan responden penelitian sebanyak 105 karyawan. Pengukuran variabel independen berupa faktor psikososial menggunakan kuesioner Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire III (COPSOQ III) dan pengukuran varibel dependen berupa stres kerja mengunakan kuesioner Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan software SPSS versi 29.0.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persentase responden yang mengalami stres kerja adalah sebesar 20.95%. Adapun hasil uji chi square menunjukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor psikososial dengan kejadian stres kerja pada responden, yang meliputi faktor tuntutan kuantitatif, kecepatan kerja, dukungan sosial dari rekan kerja, pengakuan, kualitas dari pekerjaan, kepuasan kerja, kepercayaan dengan atasan, keadilan organisasi, dan interaksi individu dengan orang lain (p value ? 0.05).
Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan terhadap faktor psikososial yang memengaruhi stres kerja pada karyawan Perusahaan Jasa Pertambangan di PT X tersebut dapat memberikan tambahan wawasan bagi industri pertambangan mengenai penyusunan kebijakan, prosedur, maupun program intervensi yang tepat untuk mengendalikan stres yang terjadi pada karyawan, khususnya di industri pertambangan.
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