Pencegahan dan Dampak Efek Paparan Panas dan Kelelahan Otot pada Pekerja Industri dan Konstruksi: Literature Review
Prevention and the Impact of Heat Stress and Muscle Fatigue on the Industrial and Construction Workers: Literature Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Kelelahan dan efek panas pada pekerja merupakan dua hal yang berdampak besar bagi kesehatan pekerja, serta produktivitas pekerja. Kelelahan dan efek panas mengakibatkan berbagai macam cidera dan penyakit lanjutan apabila diabaikan, dan dapat merugikan pekerja dan perusahaan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu diketahui beberapa efek dan dampak dari panas dan kelelahan otot saat bekerja dan bagaimana langkah penanggulangan dan pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan perusahaan agar terhindar dari efek jangka panjang yang lebih buruk.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak, penanggulangan dan pencegahan akibat kelelahan otot dan efek panas selama bekerja pada sektor industri dan konstruksi.
Metode: Pada penelitian ini digunakan pengujian kualitatif deskriptif yaitu sistematik review literature dengan menggunakan metode PRISMA.
Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dampak jangka panjang akibat mengabaikan efek panas dan nyeri otot diantaranya adalah rasa pusing, mual, menurunnya produktifitas, meningkatnya stres, hingga kematian pada pekerja. Untuk itu perlu adanya pencegahan dan penanggulangan yang berupa Pencegahan dan penanggulangan dapat dilakukan dengan cara penyediaan ventilator, pengendalian jam kerja atau menggunakan sistem rotasi, penggunaan APD, penyediaan P3K dan penyuluhan edukatif terkait K3 terhadap pekerja luar ruangan mengenai terapi non farmakologi seperti pengompresan dengan air hangat untuk merelaksasi otot.
Kesimpulan: Efek panas dan kelelahan otot pada pekerja industri dan konstruksi berdampak pada banyak sektor diantaranya adalah kesehatan pekerja, ekonomi pekerja dan kesejahteraan pekerja. Pencegahan dan penanggulangan dapat dilakukan seluruh pihak terlibat selama proyek berlangsung.
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