Pengaruh Latihan Pernapasan terhadap Pasien Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG): Literature Review
The Effect of Breathing Exercises on Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Patients: Literature Review
Abstract
Latar Belakang:Tindakan CABG mempengaruhi psikologis dan fisiologis tubuh pasien serta dapat menyebabkan berbagai komplikasi pasca operasi. Salah satu manajemen keperawatan pasca operasi jantung yaitu melakukan program latihan rehabilitasi jantung. Intervensi yang di lakukan pada rehabilitasi jantung fase I salah satunya adalah latihan pernapasan.
Tujuan: Tujuan kajian literatur ini, diharapkan kita dapat mengidentifikasi pengaruh latihan pernapasan terhadap pasien CABG.
Metode: Kajian Literatur ini menggunakan basis data: Database yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu seperti Google Schoolar, MEDLINE, Proquest, Science Direct dan Academic Journal. Artikel dipilih berdasarkan abstrak serta teks lengkap yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekskusi. Artikel disusun menggunakan panduan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) dan Population, Intervention, Comparators, Outcomes, Time (PICOT). Artikel dikritisi menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials.
Hasil: Hasil telaah dari keseluruhan artikel yang telah dikaji terdapat pengaruh latihan pernapasan terhadap pasien CABG yaitu dari aspek psikologis yaitu dapat menurunkan kecemasan dan depresi dan aspek fisiologis yaitu dapat menstabilkan heart rate, nenurunkan nyeri dan penanda inflamasi.
Kesimpulan: Berbagai jenis latihan pernapasan yang dapat digunakan dalam fase I rehabilitasi pasien jantung yaitu Latihan relaksasi pernapasan dalam lambat (Slow Deep Breathing Relaxation Exercise/ SDBRE), Latihan pernapasan yoga dan teknik pernafasan dengan terapi biofeedback Heart Rate Variability (HRV) guna menunjang proses kesembuhan pasien dengan CABG.
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