Pencarian Bantuan Kesehatan Ditinjau dari Status Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Kesehatan
Help Seeking in Terms of Mental Health Status among Health Students
Abstract
Latar belakang: Kesehatan mental merupakan salah satu aspek kesehatan penting dari kehidupan manusia dan bermasyarakat. Kesehatan mental yang buruk memengaruhi kesejahteraan, kemampuan bekerja, serta hubungan antara teman, keluarga, dan masyarakat. Prevalensi masalah kesehatan mental juga meningkat setiap tahunnya, baik secara global maupun di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, tindakan pencegahan dini dengan melakukan upaya pencarian bantuan kesehatan penting untuk mencegah terjadinya gangguan mental yang kronis.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pencarian bantuan ditinjauh dari status kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa kesehatan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Kesehatan yang terdaftar pada program studi Keperawatan, Kebidanan dan Farmasi pada Jenjang D3, D4 dan Profesi pada Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang, Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung dan Poltekkes Kemenkes Jayapura. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 388 responden yang diambil menggunakan metode convenience sampling dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online (google form) selama 3 bulan. Instrumen yang digunakan menggunakan alat ukur SRQ-20 (Self reported quetionare-20) dan General Help Seeking Quetionare.
Hasil: Pencarian bantuan kesehatan secara umum menghubungi sumber informal orang tua (57%), teman (21.13%) dan dan pasangan (25.77%) sedangkan sumber formal, seperti profesional kesehatan mental psikolog, psikiater, konselor (12.63%) dan dokter umum (10.57%). Responden lebih tinggi pada kelompok gangguan mental emosional (68%) dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tidak memiliki gangguan mental emosional (32%). Hasil uji mann-whitney menemukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pencarian bantuan ditinjau dari status kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa kesehatan (p-value=0.001<0.005). Pencarian bantuan pada kelompok yang memiliki gangguan mental emosional lebih tinggi menghubungi sumber bantuan formal seperti profesional kesehatan mental (8.25%) dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tidak memiliki gangguan mental emosional (4.38%) ketika mengalami masalah emosinal, (11.60%) dan (7.22%) ketika mengalami pikiran untuk bunuh diri.
Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dalam penelitian menunjukan bahwa pencarian bantuan kesehatan secara umum lebih tinggi dengan menghubungi sumber informal. Responden lebih tinggi pada kelompok gangguan mental emosional. Terdapat perbedaan pencarian bantuan ditinjau dari status kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa kesehatan. Pencarian bantuan pada kelompok yang memiliki gangguan mental emosional lebih tinggi menghubungi sumber formal. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan tindakan promotif dengan mengintergrasikan kurikulum kesehatan mental pada proses pembelajaran dan mengedukasi para staf dan mahasiswa mengenai jalur pencarian bantuan kesehatan.
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