Dampak Penggunaan Metode Komunikasi ISBAR terhadap Pelaksanaan Keselamatan Pasien di Rumah Sakit: Literature Review
The Impact of Using the ISBAR Communication Method on the Implementation of Patient Safety in Hospitals: Literature Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Komunikasi yang tidak memadai merupakan faktor utama yang berkontribusi pada kejadian yang tidak diinginkan, termasuk kejadian sentinel yang menyebabkan bahaya atau kematian bagi pasien. ISBAR (Introduction, Situation, Baground, Assesment, Recommendation) adalah salah satu metode komunikasi yang efektif dalam pelaksanaan keselamatan pasien.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi dampak penggunaan metode komunikasi ISBAR terhadap pelaksanaan pasien di rumah sakit.
Metode: Pelurusuran artikel melalui 3 database yaitu PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar dengan kata kunci “ISBAR” AND “patient safety” AND “hospital”. Total temuan artikel adalah sebanyak 239 artikel dengan 8 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Adapun kriteria inkulusi dalam penelitian ini yaitu batasan publikasi pada tahun 2019-2023, artikel berbentuk open access, original article, dan full text.
Hasil: Studi kajian pada lokasi penelitian rumah sakit di 8 negara menunjukkan adanya dampak penggunaan metode komunikasi ISBAR terhadap pelaksanaan keselamatan pasien. ISBAR berdampak terhadap peningkatan komunikasi spesifik dan efektif serta kerja sama antar tim profesi. Meskipun ditemukan beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam penerapan ISBAR, tetapi pelaksanaan komunikasi ISBAR terbukti efektif pada pelaksanaan keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat beberapa komponen yang berdampak terhadap penerapan ISBAR di rumah sakit seperti meminimalkan terjadinya miskomunikasi dan kesalahpahaman antar perawat serta adanya peningkatan dalam iklim keselamatan pasien, kepuasan kerja, persepsi manajemen, dan kondisi kerja. Diperlukan adanya pelatihan dan praktik metode komunikasi ISBAR secara efektif dan keberlanjutan untuk mendukung keberhasilan komunikasi yang terstruktur, efektif, dan efisien dalam pelaksanaan keselamatan pasien.
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