Pentingnya Protein Hewani dalam Mencegah Balita Stunting: Systematic Review
The Importance of Animal Protein in Preventing Stunting in Toddlers: Systematic Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Satu dari lima anak di Indonesia dilaporkan mengalami stunting. Stunting menyebabkan anak memiliki tinggi badan yang tidak sesuai dengan anak seusianya dan hambatan perkembangan kognitif serta risiko penyakit tidak menular saat dewasa.
Tujuan: Tinjauan sistematis ini menganalisis pengaruh asupan protein hewani terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain tinjauan sistematis. Penelusuran artikel melalui database elektronik PUBMED, EMBASE, Scopus, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar yang diterbitkan dalam rentang tahun 2013-2023 dengan kriteria yang disusun berdasarkan kerangka kerja PICO. Hasil pencarian dalam database disajikan menggunakan diagram alir PRISMA.
Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis, 11 dari 14 artikel menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara asupan protein hewani dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Balita stunting memiliki rata-rata asupan protein hewani yang lebih rendah dibandingkan balita yang tidak stunting. Tingkat keragaman jenis protein hewani yang dikonsumsi oleh balita juga memiliki hubungan dengan risiko stunting.
Kesimpulan: Balita yang tidak mengonsumsi protein hewani memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami stunting. Semakin beragam sumber hewani yang dikonsumsi maka semakin kecil peluang balita mengalami stunting.
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