Kerentanan Remaja Untuk Merokok dan Determinannya berdasarkan Survei Remaja Skala Nasional
Susceptibility to Smoking and Its Determinant from a National-Wide Adolescent Survey
Abstract
Latar belakang: Proporsi remaja di Indonesia yang tidak merokok jauh lebih sedikit ketimbang remaja yang telah merokok. Maka dari itu, penting untuk menjaga agar remaja tersebut tidak menjadi perokok nantinya di masa depan. Hal ini dapat dilakukan menilai kerentanan remaja untuk merokok yang dapat dilihat dari determinannya.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan kerentanan remaja untuk merokok.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) 2019. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah remaja yang duduk di bangku sekolah dan sampel yang digunakan adalah remaja yang bukan perokok secara aktif. Setelah mengeliminasi data yang tidak lengkap dan jawaban yang ambigu, sejumlah 6220 data remaja dianalisis dengan metode kai kuadrat untuk analisis bivariat dan regresi logistic untuk analisis multivariat.
Hasil: Hasil analisis multivariat mendapatkan bahwa jenis kelamin (p-value= 0,000; aOR= 2,927; 95% CI= 2,493—3,437); pajanan terhadap rokok di rumah (p-value= 0,000; aOR= 0,644; 95% CI= 0,542—0,766); pajanan terhadap rokok di luar rumah (p-value= 0,000; aOR= 0,558; 95% CI= 0,446—0,699); sikap terhadap larangan merokok di tempat umum tertutup (p-value= 0,000; aOR= 0,576; 95% CI= 0,433—0,749); dan pengetahuan terhadap pajanan rokok sekunder (p-value= 0,000; aOR= 2,327; 95% CI= 1,623—3,338) berasosiasi secara statistic terhadap kerentanan untuk merokok.
Kesimpulan: Analisis multivariat menjelaskan bahwa jenis kelamin adalah faktor yang paling dominan yang dapat menjelaskan kerentanan untuk merokok. Kedepannya, intervensi dapat memperhatikan jenis kelamin serta menekankan akan larangan merokok di rumah dan di tempat-tempat umum serta memasukkan bahaya tentang merokok ke kurikulum.
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