Efektivitas Pemberian Akupresur terhadap Pengurangan Frekuensi Mual Muntah pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I : Literature Review
The Effectiveness of Giving Acupressure to Reduce the Frequency of Nausea & Vomiting in First Trimester Pregnant Women : Literature Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Kehamilan seringkali disertai dengan banyak masalah, yang paling umum adalah mual muntah, biasanya dimulai antara minggu ke-6 sampai 8 kehamilan dan berakhir sekitar minggu ke-12, namun pada beberapa wanita ada kemungkinan gejala dapat berlanjut hingga minggu ke-20. Mual muntah yang berlebih dapat mengakibatkan bayi memiliki berat badan lahir rendah dan mengalami kelahiran prematur. Akupresur merupakan terapi komplementer yang dapat meredakan mual muntah dan aman digunakan selama kehamilan.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah lebih dalam tentang efektivitas pemberian akupresur terhadap pengurangan frekuensi mual dan muntah pada ibu hamil.
Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Literatur review dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi jurnal artikel yang relevan dengan kata kunci (pregnant women, acupressure, nausea and vomiting, emesis gravidarum). Penelusuran artikel menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris melalui data base seperti Google Scholar dan PubMed, yang dibatasi hanya terbitan 2017-2023. Artikel yang digunakan dalam penyusunan yaitu artikel nasional dan internasional berjumlah 10 artikel, yaitu 5 artikel nasional dan 5 artikel internasional.
Hasil: Hasil penyaringan dari 10 artikel terdapat pengaruh secara signifikan pemberian terapi akupresur pada titik Pericardium 6 yang mampu menurunkan mual muntah pada ibu hamil.
Kesimpulan: Mual muntah saat hamil tidak boleh diabaikan bahkan pada kasus ringan, perlu adanya deteksi dan penanganan dini untuk mengatasi mual muntah, jika tidak diobati sejumlah kecil kasus dapat berlanjut hingga persalinan dan berdampak juga pada janin. Hasil telaah dari 10 artikel menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh secara signifikan pemberian akupresur pericardium 6 terhadap penurunan frekuensi mual muntah pada ibu hamil.
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