Perubahan Gaya Hidup untuk Mencegah Penyakit Kardio dan Serebrovaskular Pada Usia Paruh Baya: Systematic Review
Of Lifestyle Changes to Prevent Cardio and Cerebrovascular Diseases in Midage: Systematic Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Penyakit kardiovaskular (CVD) adalah penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia yang merupakan masalah serius terutama dalam masyarakat yang menua karena usia adalah salah satu faktor risiko terpenting untuk CVD.
Tujuan: penelitian ini untuk studi observasional dan di mana tersedia uji coba terkontrol secara acak mengenai pola makanan dari pada makanan individu atau suplemen makanan, dan pengeluaran energi.
Metode: penelitian tinjauan sistematis memilih database elektronik PubMed, yang mewakili Medline dan referensi jurnal ilmu hayati dan buku online dan bebas juga dapat diakses oleh orang awam dan profesional kesehatan, dari 624 hasil pencarian, 150 referensi studi lebih lanjut termasuk satu referensi duplikat dikeluarkan pada tahap ini meninggalkan 80 referensi mulai dari tahun 2010 sampai 2023.
Hasil: Sebuah meta-analisis baru-baru ini dari sembilan kohort observasional prospektif meneliti hubungan CVD dengan pola diet nabati melibatkan konsumsi makanan nabati yang lebih tinggi dan konsumsi yang lebih rendah atau sepenuhnya menghindari makanan hewani. Kepatuhan terendah versus tertinggi menunjukkan risiko CVD 16% lebih rendah dan PJK 12%.
Kesimpulan: Modifikasi gaya hidup adalah landasan pencegahan kardiovaskular. Secara keseluruhan, temuan kami menegaskan hubungan terbalik antara pola gaya hidup sehat yang diduga termasuk diet, aktivitas fisik, tubuh, berat badan, konsumsi alkohol dan merokok di berbagai titik akhir klinis. Kepatuhan yang lebih kuat dan peningkatan jumlah perilaku pencegahan tampaknya memperkuat efek perlindungan
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