Peningkatan Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan Pengobatan dan Perawatan Klien Tuberkulosis Menggunakan Model Penguatan Kapasitas Pemuda
Increasing Knowledge, Attitudes, Actions on Treatment and Care of Tuberculosis Clients Using Youth Capacity Strengthening Models
Abstract
Latar belakang: Indonesia menduduki peringkat kedua kasus Tuberkulosis tertinggi di dunia, untuk itu dibutuhkan pelibatan peran serta anggota masyarakat, termasuk pemuda. Pemuda sering kali diabaikan untuk menjadi agen pembaharu dalam keluarga, karena dianggap memiliki gaya hidup berisiko terhadap masalah kesehatannya.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model penguatan kapasitas pemuda terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan pengobatan dan perawatan klien Tuberkulosis.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain kuasi eksperimental. 104 responden penelitian adalah klien tuberculosis yang memiliki pemuda kontak serumah berusia 15 – 24 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan pada Februari - September 2022. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji regresi logistic
Hasil: Pengaruh model penguatan kapasitas pemuda terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan yang dikontrol dengan variabel sumber informasi sebesar 2.83 kali; terhadap peningkatan sikap sebesar 71,4 kali setelah dikontrol oleh variabel sumber informasi, lama pengobatan dan skor pengetahuan klien. Walaupun pengaruh model penguatan kapasitas pemuda tidak signifikan terhadap perubahan tindakan secara langsung, namun perubahan tindakan pengobatan dan perawatan klien TBC paru setelah tiga bulan intervensi terjadi 3.13 kali lebih besar dibanding kelompok kontrol
Kesimpulan: Model penguatan kapasitas pemuda secara efektif dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap klien TBC paru; termasuk dalam tindakan pengobatan dan perawatan TBC paru. Perubahan tersebut membutuhkan waktu untuk beradaptasi dari pelaku model.
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