Malnutrisi Menjadi Indikasi Anemia pada Remaja Putri : Literature Review
Malnutrition as an Indication of Anemia in Adolescent Girls : Literature Review
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Di Indonesia, remaja menghadapi tiga beban malnutrisi yakni kekurangan gizi, kelebihan gizi dan defisiensi mikronutrien. Sekitar seperempat remaja usia 13–18 tahun mengalami stunting, 9% remaja berusia 13–15 tahun kurus atau memiliki Indeks Massa Tubuh rendah, sementara 16% remaja lainnya kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas. Selain itu, seperempat remaja putri menderita anemia.
Tujuan: Untuk mengkaji potensi dari malnutrisi menjadi anemia pada remaja putri.
Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini yaitu literature review. Dalam mencari artikel dilakukan pencarian menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa inggris yang sesuai dengan topik pencarian, dilakukan dengan database antara lain Google Scholar dan PubMed dengan rentang waktu terbit pada tahun 2018 – 2022.
Hasil: Penelusuran artikel penelitian didapatkan 13 artikel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Dari artikel tersebut bahwa baik kekurangan gizi, kelebihan gizi dan defisiensi mikronutrien memiliki potensi untuk terjadinya anemia terutama pada remaja putri yang dalam pemenuhan zat gizi makro dan mikronya tidak terpenuhi dengan baik.
Kesimpulan: Pada hasil review ini dapat terlihat bahwa malnutrisi ini memiliki dampak yang serius terhadap kesehatan remaja baik masa sekarang dan yang akan datang terutama pada remaja putri. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya upaya penanggulangan anemia pada remaja putri baik promotif maupun preventif.
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