The Effect of Factors Causes Preeclampsia Towards Left Ventricle Mass Index on Preeclampsia Patient in Undata Regional Hospital of Palu
Pengaruh Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Preeklampsia terhadap Indeks Massa Ventrikel Kiri pada Pasien Preeklampsia di RSUD Undata Palu
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia is an idiopathic multisystem disorder specific to pregnancy and the puerperium in which multiorgan abnormalities occur in at-risk pregnancies resulting in hypertension and multiorgan dysfunction in the form of an increase in left ventricular mass index which leads to diastolic heart failure.
Aim: Determine the relationship the effect of factors causes preeclampsia towards left ventricle mass index on preeclampsia patient in Undata Regional Hospital of Palu
Methods: This study used a cross sectional research approach. These variables are measured by research instruments where data can be analyzed according to statistical procedures.
Results: From total sample, there were pregnant women of abnormal age 37.67 years (27.3%) and normal age 28.12 years (72.7%) with a mean age of 30.73 ± 5.89 years with history preeclampsia. There were 21 patients (95.5%) with previous obesity and 1 patient (4.5%) had no history of obesity, 14 patients (63.6%) with a history of primigravida and 8 patients with multigravida (36.4%). One patient with multiple pregnancies (4.5%) and 21 patients (95.5% with no history of multiple pregnancies, 3 patients (13.64%) with chronic disease and 19 patients (86 .36%) no history of chronic disease, There are 16 patients (72.7%) patients who use contraception and while 6 patients (27,3%) did not use contraception. Statistical tests risk factors for preeclampsia associated with cardiovascular disease events, hypertension which causes an increase in the Left Ventricle Mass Index (LVMI) it can be seen that in all preeclampsia patients causes uncontrolled hypertension and increase in LVMI above normal values ​​(description according to table), the incidence of preeclampsia with a previous history of preeclampsia 1 (25%) showed a significant relationship with a value of p = 0.001.
Conclusion: Factors that cause significant preeclampsia, pregnant women who have a history of preeclampsia and who have a history of multiple pregnancies affect the occurrence of hypertension and an increase in left ventricular mass index.
References
Archana S Thayaparan, Joanne M Said, Sandra A Lowe, Anthony McLean, Yang Yang, Pre-eclampsia and long-term cardiac dysfunction: A review of asymptomatic cardiac changes existing well beyond the post-partum period, AJUM November 2019; 22 (4)
Pensée Wu, Randula Haththotuwa, Chun Shing Kwok, Aswin Babu, Rafail A. Kotronias, et al, Preeclampsia and Future Cardiovascular Health A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017;10:e003497
Takuji Tomimatsu, Kazuya Mimura, Masayuki Endo, Keiichi Kumasawa and Tadashi Kimura, Pathophysiology of preeclampsia: an angiogenic imbalance and long-lasting systemic vascular dysfunction, Hypertension Research, 2017; 40, 305–310
Elizabeth Phipps, Devika Prasanna, Wunnie Brima, Belinda Jim, Preeclampsia: Updates in Pathogenesis, Definitions, and Guidelines, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 11: 1102–1113
Emmanuelle Paré , Samuel Parry, Thomas F McElrath, Dominick Pucci, Amy Newton, et. al, Clinical risk factors for preeclampsia in the 21st century, Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2014 Volume 124 - Issue 4; 763-770
Gloria Valdés, Preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease: interconnected paths that enable detection of the subclinical stages of obstetric and cardiovascular diseases, Integrated Blood Pressure Control 2017; 10 17–23
Rachael Fox, Jamie Kitt, Paul Leeson, Christina Y.L. Aye, Adam J. Lewandowski, Preeclampsia: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Management, and the Cardiovascular Impact on the Offspring, J. Clin. Med. 2019; 8, 1625
Yushida Yushida, Evi Zahara, The Risk Factors toward Preeclampsia Events of Pregnant Women in Meureubo and Johan Pahlawan Community Health Center West Aceh, Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020 Dec 12; 8(E):670-673
Gibran Khalil, Afshan Hameed, Preeclampsia: Pathophysiology and the Maternal-Fetal Risk, J Hypertens Manag 2017; 3: 024
Stephanie Braunthal and Andrei Brateanu, Hypertension in pregnancy: Pathophysiology and treatment, SAGE Open Medicine, 2019; Volume 7: 1–15
Dawn C. Scantlebury, Garvan C. Kanea, Heather J. Wisteb, Kent R. Baileyb, Stephen T. Turner, Left ventricular hypertrophy after hypertensive pregnancy disorders, Heart, Oct. 2015; vol. 101, no. 19, 1584–90
Christina W. Chen1, Iris Z. Jaffe2, and S. Ananth Karumanchi, Pre-eclampsia and cardiovascular disease, Cardiovascular Research , 2014; 101, 579–586
Solanki Rizwana , Maitra Nandita, Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiovascular Hemodynamics in Preeclampsia, The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India , September–October 2011; 61(5):519–522
Abraham B. Bornstein; Suman S. Rao; Komal Marwaha, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, National Lybrary of Medicine, August 2022
Beverly H. Lorell, MD; Blase A. Carabello, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy,pathogenesis, detection, and prognosis, Circulation, 2000;102:470-479
Chaitra Shivananjiah, Ashwini Nayak, Asha Swarup, Echo Changes in Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy, Journal of Cardiovascular Echography, Jul-Sep 2016; Vol 26, Issue 3
Jingyuan Li, Soban Umar, Marjan Amjedi, Andrea Iorga, Salil Sharma,et.al, New frontiers in heart hypertrophy during pregnancy, Am J Cardiovasc Dis. 2012; 2(3): 192–207.
Melinda B. Davis, Long-Term Left Ventricular Remodeling After Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Beyond the Hype, J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021; 77 (8) 1069–1072
Mark A. Brown, Laura A. Magee, Louise C. Kenny, et.al, Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy ISSHP Classification, Diagnosis, and Management Recommendations for International Practice, Hypertension. 2018;72:24-43
Maddalena Ardissino, Eric A.W. Slob, Ophelia Millar, Rohin K. Reddy, Laura Lazzari,et. al, Maternal Hypertension Increases Risk of Preeclampsia and Low Fetal Birthweight: Genetic Evidence From a Mendelian Randomization Study, Hypertension. 2022;79:588–598
Maya Reddy, Leah Wright, Daniel Lorber Rolnik, Wentao Li, Ben Willem, et.al, Evaluation of Cardiac Function in Women With a History of Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, J Am Heart Assoc. 2019; 8:e013545
Manuel Va´zquez Blanco, Oscar Grosso, Claudio A. Bellido, Oscar R. Iavı´coli, Clotilde S. Berensztein, Left Ventricular Geometry in Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension, AJH 2000;13:226–230
Rangeen Rafik Hamad, Anders Larsson, John Pernow, Katarina Bremme, Maria J Eriksson, Assessment of left ventricular structure and function in preeclampsia by echocardiography and cardiovascular biomarkers, J Hypertens, 2009 ; 27(11):2257-64
Lina Bergman , Paliz Nordlöf-Callbo, Anna Karin Wikström, Jonathan M. Snowden, Susanne Hesselman et.al, Multi-Fetal Pregnancy, Preeclampsia, and Long-Term Cardiovascular Disease, Hypertension. 2020;76:167-175
Rossana Orabona, Edoardo Sciatti, Enrico Vizzardi, Federico Prefumo, Ivano Bonadei,et.al, Inappropriate left ventricular mass after preeclampsia: another piece of the puzzle Inappropriate LVM and PE, Hypertension Research, 2019; volume 42, 522–529
Karen Melchiorre, George Ross Sutherland, Marco Liberati, Basky Thilaganathan, Preeclampsia Is Associated With Persistent Postpartum Cardiovascular Impairment, Hypertension. 2011;58:709-715
NICE guideline, Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management, National Institute for Health and Care Excellent, 2022; 2-57
D. B. Rowlands, M. A. Ireland, D. R. Glover, R. a. B. McLeay, T. J. Stallard, and W. A. Littler, “The Relationship between Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Echocardiographically Assessed Left Ventricular Hypertrophy,†Clin. Sci, Jan. 1981; vol. 61, no. s7, pp. 101–03
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license. 
