Efektifitas Pendidikan Kesehatan Melalui Teman Sebaya Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Bullying Pada Penerapan Pembelajaran Tatap Muka Terbatas
The Effectiveness of Health Education Through Peers To Increasing Adolescents' Knowledge About Bullying In The Application Of Limited Face-to-Face Learning
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Bullying di kalangan remaja merupakan masalah utama yang memiliki implikasi fisik dan psikologis yang serius di seluruh dunia. Banyak peneliti menganalisis alasan di balik bullying dan mencoba memberikan solusi untuk masalah ini. Pendidikan kesehatan melalui teman sebaya merupakan solusi yang diidentifikasi sebagai intervensi dalam peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang bullying
Tujuan Menilai efektifitas pendidikan kesehatan melalui teman sebaya terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang bullying pada penerapan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas
Metode: Desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperimen menggunakan rancangan one group pretest - posttest. Sampel sebanyak 78 siswa yang merupakan siswa di sekolah SMA Negeri 1 Angkola Timur menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dengan analisis menggunakan uji paired sample t test.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi pendidikan kesehatan melalui teman sebaya terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang bullying terbukti mempengaruhi penyelesaian masalah dalam peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang bullying. Intervensi pendidikan kesehatan melalui teman sebaya membantu remaja dalam meningkatkan keinginan siswa untuk mematuhi anjuran atau larangan tentang bullying dalam melakukan penyelesaian masalah. Peningkatan nilai yang signifikan tersebut terlihat setelah dilakukan pertemuan sebanyak 3 kali. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh adanya perbedaan yang bermakna dilihat dari hasil rata-rata pretest dan postest pada nilai p-value = .000 (<0.05).
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Ada peningkatan pengetahuan pada responden setelah diberikan pendidikan tentang bullying. Peningkatan pengetahuan didapatkan dengan memberikan informasi kepada remaja, sehingga dengan meningkatnya nilai positif tersebut terbentuklah pengetahuan yang baik bagi remaja, jika pengetahuan remaja baik maka dapat mencegah terjadinya perilaku bullying.
References
Richardson Dominic, Fen Hiu Chii (2018). Developing A Global Indicator On Bullying Of School-Aged Children, Innocenti Working Papers no. 11. Available at: http://repositorio.minedu.gob.pe/handle/MINEDU/6092
UNESCO. (2018). New data reveal that one out of three teens is bullied worldwide. Available at: https://en.unesco.org/news/new-data-reveal-one-out-three-teens-bullied-worldwide
OECD. (2018). PISA Assessment Framework. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/pisa.
Neupane T, Pandey AR, Bista B, Chalise B. Correlates of bullying victimisationamong school adolescents in Nepal: Findings from 2015 Global School-Based Student Health Survey NepalPLoS ONE. 2020;15(8): e0237406. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.023 7406
Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Prevalence of bullying victimisation and associatedfactors among in-school adolescents in Mozambique. J Psychol Afr. 2020;30(1):64–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2020.1712809.4.
Matthews KA, Jennings JR, Lee L, Pardini DA. Bullying and being bullied inchildhood are associated with different psychosocial risk factors for poorphysical health in men. Psychol Sci. 2017;28(6):808–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797617697700
Erginoz, E. et al. (2015). The Role Of Parental, School,And Peer Factors In Adolescent Bullying Involvement: Result From The Turkish HBSC 2005/2006 Study. Asia-Pacific Journal of Publick Health 2015. Vol. 27(2).
Nasir et all (2020) Identification Of Knowledge Of Bullying In Adolescents And Its Effects On Behavior Of Bullying Friends: Journal of Vocational Nursing. Vol 1, No 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jovin.v1i2.23552.
Suryagustina, Damayanti, Aprianti. (2017). Hubungan Mekanisme Koping Dengan Sikap Siswa Berdasarkan Teori Abraham Maslow di SMAN 3 Palangka Raya. Palangkaraya: Stikes Eka Harap Palangka Raya.
Bachri. (2021). PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU BULLYING PADA REMAJA. Jurnal Salingka Abdimas. Vol. 1 (1) (30-36).
Dewi, Mirayanti, Sudarsana (2021). Tingkat Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Perilaku Bullying. Stikes Wira Medika.
Devita. (2020). The Effect Of Health Education On Bullying Knowledge Among Primary School Student. Jurnal Proteksi Kesehatan. Vol 8 No 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36929/ jpk.v8i2.161.
Midgett, Aida., et all. (2017). Training Students Who Occasionally Bully to be Peer Advocates : Is a Bystander Intervention Effective i Reducing Bullying Behavior?.†Journal of Child and Adolescent Counseling. 00:1. 1-13.
Foody, Mairead. (2017).†Anti-Bullying for Schools in Ireland : Principals’ responses and perceptions.â€. Pastora Care in Education. 1-15.
Corcoran, Lucie. (2014).†Adressing Bullying Problems in Irish Schools and in Cyberscapce : a Challenge for School Management.â€. Educational Research. 56:1, 48-64
Mulyana, Nandang. (2017). Penanganan terhadap Anak Korban Kekerasan.
INFODATIN. (2019). Situasi Kesehatan jiwa di Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; Available from: https://pusdatin. kemkes.go.id/article/view/20031100002/situasi-kesehatan-jiwadi-indonesia.html
Shetgiri R. (2013). Bullying and victiomization among children. Adv Pediatr.;60:33–51. doi:10.1016/j.yapd.2013.04.004.
Juruena MF, Eror F, Cleare AJ, (2020). The Role of Early Life Stress in HPA Axis and Anxiety. Adv Exp Med Biol. Vol 1191:141-153. doi: 10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_9.
Riantika, E. (2020). Asuhan Keperawatan Komunitas Peer Bullying Education dalam Upaya Pencegahan dan Pengurangan Perilaku Bullying pada Siswa Kelas VII di SMP Siti Khadijah Padang. Doctoral Dissertation, Universitas Andalas. http://scholar.unand.ac.id/54424/.
U.S. Department of Education. (2016). Student reports of bullying and cyber-bullying: Results from the 2013 school crime supplement to the national crime victimization survey. Washington, DC: National Center for Educational Statistics.
Sufriani, Sari. (2017). Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Bullying Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh. Idea Nursing Jurnal. doi: https://doi.org/10.52199/inj.v8i3.9678.
ROSANI (2017) Hubungan Perilaku Bullying Dengan Depresi Pada Remaja Di SMK Kosgoro 1 Padang Tahun 2017. Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.
Suryolelono, Aryani, Atiningtyas,. (2020). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Melalui Audiovisual Terhadap Pengetahuan Tentang Bullying Pada Anak Kelas V Di Sdn 3 Karangasem. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Vol.13 No.1
Notoatmodjo,. (2012). Pendidikan dan perilaku kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
Andriyan, Trihantoyo., (2020). Pengelolaan Sekolah Ramah Anak Untuk Meningkatkan Karakter Siswa. Jurnal Inspirasi Manajemen Pendidikan Vol 09 No 03 (689-694).
Sari, Puspita. (2021). Penerapan Layanan Konseling Individual Untuk Mengatasi Korban Bullying di Kelas VIII SMP Swasta Muhammadiyah Tebing Tinggi TA 2020/2021. UMSU. Available at: http://repository.umsu.ac.id/handle/123456789/16103.
Mellanby AR. Phelps FA. Crichton NJ. And Trip JH. (1995). School Sex Education : An Experimental Programme with Educational and Medical Benefit. British Medical Journal.
Backett-Millburn and Wilson S. (2000). Understanding Peer Education : Insights from a Process Evaluation. Health Education Research. Vol.15 No.1.
Green, J. (2001). Peer Education. Global Health Promotion
Olweus D. Bullying at school: what we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell; 1993
Azizah, Nur Fitry. 2018. Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Melalui Audiovisual Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Dan Norma Subjektif Remaja Tentang Bullying. Skripsi Publikasi. Semarang: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Semarang
Copeland, W. E., et all. (2013). Adult psychiatric outcomes of bullying and being bullied by peers in childhood and adolescence. JAMA Psychiatry, 70(4), 419–426.
Juvonen, J., et all. (2011). Bullying experiences and compromised academic performance across middle school grades. Journal of Early Adolescence, 31, 152–173
Nakamoto, J., & Schwartz, D. (2010). Is peer victimization associated with academic achievement? A metaanalytic review. Social Development, 19, 221–242.
Nielsen, M. B., et all. (2015). Post-traumatic stress disorder as a consequence of bullying at work and at school: A literature review and meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 21,17–24.
Roland, E. (2002). Aggression, depression, and bullying others. Aggressive Behaviour, 28(3), 198–206.
Rueger, S. Y., & Jenkins, L. N. (2014). Effects of peer victimization on psychological and academic adjustment in early adolescence. School Psychology Quarterly, 29,77–88.
Sari, Indah kesuma (2021). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terkait Pencegahan Bullying Terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap Dan Tindakan. Masters Thesis: Universitas Andalas.
Tokunaga, R. S. (2010). Following you home from school: A critical review and synthesis of research on cyberbullying victimization. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 277–287.
Yasherly Bachri (2020) Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Pencegahan Prilaku Bullying Pada Remaja. doi: https://doi.org/10.33758/mbi.v15i4.839.
Authors who publish with Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy retain the copyright of their work. The journal applies a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0), which grants the following rights:
-
Copyright Retention: Authors retain the copyright of their work, maintaining full control over their intellectual property without restrictions.
-
Right of First Publication: Authors grant the journal the right of first publication of their work. This ensures that the work is initially published and credited in Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy.
-
License to Share and Reuse: The work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0, allowing others to copy, distribute, remix, and build upon the work for any purpose, even commercially, as long as proper credit is given to the authors, and any new creations are licensed under the same terms.
