Meningkatkan Kinerja Ruang Operasi dengan Metode Lean Six Sigma : Literature Review
Improving the Performance of the Operating Theatre with the Lean Six Sigma Method : Literature Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Ruang operasi berkontribusi terhadap 70% dari penerimaan rumah sakit. Untuk dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan efektivitas ruang operasi, diperlukan alat bantu pengukuran kinerja ruang operasi. Metode Lean Six Sigma (LSS) merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat di implementasikan untuk memperbaiki kualitas pelayanan di rumah sakit khususnya kinerja ruang operasi. Lean Six Sigma menggunakan pendekatan yang berorientasi pada hasil dan berfokus pada proyek untuk kualitas, produktivitas, dan profitabilitas. Aplikasi metode LSS dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses perawatan pasien, interaksi antar departemen, dan kepuasan karyawan.
Tujuan: Tinjauan literatur ini untuk mengetahui aplikasi metode Lean Six Sigma dalam meningkatkan kinerja di ruang operasi.
Metode: Pencarian komprehensif dengan kata kunci di basis data Pubmed, Science Direct, Proquest, dan Springer link, dilakukan ekstraksi data dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi yang telah ditetapkan. Proses pemilihan artikel menggunakan metode PRISMA.
Hasil: Penelusuran sistematis menghasilkan 8 artikel yang menggunakan metode Lean Six Sigma untuk meningkatkan kinerja di ruang operasi. Tujuh penelitian menggunakan pendekatan DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve and Control), satu penelitian menggunakan kerangka Define/Measure/Analyse/Design/Verify (DMADV) dan DMAIC. Metode LSS dengan pendekatan DMAIC maupun DMADV meningkatkan efisiensi proses perawatan, pemetaan proses, dan penemuan poin yang dapat diperbaiki dalam tindakan operasi, meningkatkan efisiensi dalam ruang operasi, mengurangi waktu tunggu operasi, mengurangi lama tinggal pasien, dan mengurangi penundaan serta tingkat pembatalan operasi elektif.
Kesimpulan: Penggunaan metode Lean Six Sigma (LSS) di rumah sakit terutama di ruang operasi memperbaiki kinerja ruang operasi dengan cara mengurangi waktu perawatan pasien, mengurangi penggunaan sumber daya yang tidak perlu, meningkatkan kepuasan pasien dan keluarganya dalam hal perawatan kesehatan serta meningkatkan efisiensi, keamanan dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan di ruang operasi.
References
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