Pemanfaatan Digital Health untuk Meningkatkan Keberhasilan Pengobatan Pasien Tuberkulosis di Negara Berkembang : Literature Review
The Digital Health Utilization to Improve Successful Treatment of Tuberculosis Patient in Developing Countries : Literature Review
Abstract
Latar belakang: Tuberkulosis masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang serius di dunia terutama di negara berkembang. Pengobatan tuberkulosis dengan jangka waktu lama membutuhkan akses pelayanan kesehatan yang mudah dijangkau pasien. Kehadiran digital health dapat menawarkan solusi hemat biaya untuk mengatasi keterbatasan keuangan, sosial, waktu dan jarak jauh terutama di negara berkembang.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi aplikasi digital health yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai upaya meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan pasien tuberkulosis di negara berkembang dan negara mana saja yang sudah melakukan penelitian terkait pemanfaatan digital health ini.
Metode: Protokol scoping review menggunakan 5 langkah framework Arksey dan O’Malley. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah artikel penelitian, diterbitkan pada tahun 2016 hingga 2022, teks lengkap, berbahasa Inggris, dan membahas penggunaan aplikasi kesehatan digital untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan bagi pasien tuberkulosis di negara berkembang.
Hasil: Terdapat 7 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi menyebutkan bahwa digital health dapat menjadi solusi dalam perawatan pasien tuberkulosis, terutama untuk negara dengan sumber daya pelayanan kesehatan yang belum memadai. 2 jenis aplikasi yang digunakan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan tuberkulosis di negara berkembang yaitu short message service (SMS) dan video observed therapy (VOT).
Kesimpulan: Penggunaan aplikasi digital health dapat meningkatkan komunikasi tenaga kesehatan dan pasien, memberikan kemudahan bagi pasien untuk mengakses fasilitas kesehatan yang hemat biaya secara optimal, dan dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien untuk melakukan perawatan secara tuntas.
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