Studi Pengetahuan, Sikap, Keterampilan Manajemen Diri dan Dukungan Keluarga pada Penderita DM Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Polongbangkeng Selatan
Study of Knowledge, Attitudes, Self Management Skills, and Family Support for Type 2 DM Patients at the South Polongbangkeng Health Center
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah penyakit metabolik kronis, yang muncul sebagai masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama. Prevalensi DM telah menjalar hingga ke pelosok desa terutama petani, yang semula dianggap sebagai penyakit orang kota.
Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengetahuan, sikap, keterampilan manajemen diri, dan dukungan keluarga pada pasien DM tipe 2.
Metode: Studi ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikoleksi melalui semi-Focus Group Discussion (FGD) sebanyak 7 kelompok maksimal 5 peserta (n=35) sesuai protokol kesehatan menggunakan instrumen Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME). Informan kunci sebanyak 2 orang berdasarkan kompetensi penatalaksanaan DM. Peserta kebanyakan perempuan, bekerja sebagai petani, dan ibu rumah tangga. Usia terbanyak 51-60 tahun, serta lama menderita DM terbanyak 1-5 tahun.
Hasil: Tingkat pengetahuan pasien terhadap penyakit DM yang dideritanya cukup baik, respon terhadap sikap dan keterampilan manajemen diri masih rendah, tetapi mendapat dukungan yang baik dari keluarga.
Kesimpulan: Peran ganda sebagai petani perempuan dan ibu rumah tangga menyebabkan timbulnya kendala untuk kemandiran penatalaksanaan penyakit DM yang dideritanya.
Saran: Diharapkan adanya jejaring edukasi mandiri berdasarkan instrumen Diabetes Self-Manajemen Education (DSME) sejalan dengan program Prolanis yang sudah ada.
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