Faktor Sosiobudaya yang Menghambat Perilaku Skrining Kanker Payudara pada Wanita: Systematic Review
Socio-Cultural Factor Inhibiting the Breast Cancer Screening Behavior in Women: Systematic Review
Abstract
Pendahuluan: Keterlambatan diagnosis kanker payudara dianggap berkontribusi pada prognosis kanker yang buruk dan tingkat kematian yang tinggi.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran faktor-faktor sosiobudaya yang menghambat wanita melakukan deteksi dini kanker payudara.
Metode: Dalam studi ini, penulis menggunakan pendekatan meta-ethnografi. Pencarian artikel pada tiga database yaitu Sage Publications, Scopus, dan Science Direct menggunakan keywords yang sama, yaitu “Breast cancer, screening OR self-examination, social, cultural, qualitative†dan dipilih artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2016-2021. Artikel diseleksi dengan menggunakan diagram alur PRISMA 2020, berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Setelah itu dilakukan analisis dengan metode sintesis tematik. Terdapat 10 artikel yang disintesis, dimana penelitian pada artikel tersebut dilakukan di Asia. Amerika Serikat, dan Afrika.
Hasil: Didapatkan enam tema yang menjadi faktor-faktor sosiobudaya yang menghambat wanita untuk melakukan skrining kanker payudara, yaitu stigmatisasi; dukungan keluarga; norma dan agama; mitos; fatalisme; dan bahasa. Stigmatisasi; dukungan keluarga; norma dan agama; mitos; fatalisme; dan bahasa, menjadi hambatan wanita untuk melakukan skrining kanker payudara.
Kesimpulan: Diperlukan edukasi dan penambahan petugas kesehatan wanita untuk mengatasi hambatan sosiobudaya pada wanita dalam melakukan skrining kanker payudara.
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