Kebiasaan Konsumsi Makanan dan Hambatan dalam Managemen Diet pada Remaja Putri dengan Obesitas : Sistematik Review dan Metasintesis Kualitatif
Food Consumption Habits and Obstacles to Diet Management among Obese Female Adolescents : A Systematic Review and Qualitative Meta-synthesis
Abstract
Latar belakang: prevalensi kejadian obesitas pada remaja usia 13-15 tahun 4,8% dan remaja usia 16-18 tahun sebesar 4,0%. Faktor yang menyebabkan remaja mengalami obesitas diantaranya pola makan yang tidak sehat, aktifitas fisik yang rendah, lingkungan yang tidak mendukung, dan faktor stress remaja.
Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kebiasaan dan hambatan dalam managemen diet pada remaja putri pada obesitas.
Metode: Penelitian ini mengguankan pendekatan systematic review dan kualitatif metasintesis. Pencarian jurnal dilakukan pada 3 database yaitu Science direct, Scopus dan Proques. Kriteria inklusi diantaranya artikel jurnal tahun 2016-2021, topik mengenai obesitas pada remaja dan managemen diet, open acces, dan studi pendekatan kualitatif. 6 artikel jurnal hasil sintesa dari Prisma dan studi control dengan EPPI-Center versi 0.9.4.
Hasil: Temuan penelitian ini menemukan bahwa remaja putri dengan obesitas memiliki kebiasaan buruk terkait konsumsi makanan seperti kuantitas atau jumlah makan yang kurang, mengonsumsi makanan ringan padat energi, mengandung gula dan rasa asin. Hambatan yang dialami remaja putri obesitas yaitu dari faktor individu (kurangnya pengetahuan, kebiasaan konsumsi makanan yang tidak sehat, merokok dan alcohol) dan lingkungan (masa transisi, kurangnya dukung finansial, perubahan iklim dan cuaca, dan kurangnya infrakstruktur).
Kesimpulan: Kebiasan buruk pada remaja putri dengan obesitas berkaitan dengan konsumsi makanan diantaranya waktu makan yang tidak tepat, kuantitas atau jumlah makan yang kurang, gemar mengonsumsi makanan yang berlemak dan asin seperti makanan cepat saji, konsumsi makanan yang mengandung gula.
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