Pengaruh Pelatihan Pengembangan Program Preceptorship Bagi Preceptor Terhadap Ekspektasi Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, dan Turnover Intention Perawat Baru di Rumah Sakit X
Abstract
Perawat baru sering merasa frustasi karena beberapa konflik terkait perubahan peran saat menjadi mahasiswa dan bekerja setelah lulus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pelatihan pengembangan program preceptorship bagi preceptor terhadap ekspektasi kerja, lingkungan kerja, dan turnover intention perawat baru di Rumah Sakit X. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimental dengan one group pre-test post-test, jumlah sampel sebanyak 23 responden yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik demografi perawat baru yaitu rata-rata usia 24,1 tahun, mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan (78,3%), dan seluruh responden memiliki tingkat pendidikan S1 Keperawatan Ners. Berdasarkan hasil analisis t-test menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan preceptor dari sebelum dibandingkan sesudah intervensi pelatihan pengembangan program preceptorship (p = 0,011). Berdasarkan hasil uji mann whitney menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara ekspektasi kerja (p = 0,001), lingkungan kerja (p = 0,011), dan turnover intention (p = 0,004) perawat baru sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pelatihan pengembangan program preceptorship pada preceptor. Hasil analisis secara simultan menunjukkan usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, dan pelatihan pengembangan program preceptorship berpengaruh terhadap ekspektasi kerja (p=0,041) dan lingkungan kerja (p=0,012) serta tidak berpengaruh terhadap turnover intention (p=0,650) perawat baru. Karakteristik perawat baru dan pelatihan pengembangan program precetorship, secara simultan bersama ekspektasi kerja dan lingkungan kerja, berpengaruh terhadap turnover intention perawat baru (p=0,037). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan institusi pelayanan rumah sakit diharapkan dapat menerapkan program preceptorship sebagai bentuk dukungan bagi perawat baru dengan memberi kesempatan bagi preceptor untuk lebih banyak waktu dinas bersama dengan perawat baru yang menjadi tanggung jawabnya terutama pada bulan pertama penugasan.
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