Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education on Self-Care Management Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Gedangan
Keywords:
Diabetes Melitus, Self-Management Education, Self-Care Management
Abstract
Introduction: Patients with diabetes mellitus continue to face difficulties in performing self-care management based on the information they receive. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) can serve as a reference for health education programs to improve patients’ knowledge and self-care management skills. This study aimed to analyze the effect of DSME on self-care management among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental two-group pre–posttest control design. The sample was 102 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus selected using simple random sampling. The instrument utilized was the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMSES). Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test and multivariate ANOVA.
Results: The results of the multivariate analysis showed a p-value < 0.001, indicating that Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) had a significant effect on self-care management, including dietary patterns (R² = 0.313), physical activity (R² = 0.737), blood glucose monitoring (R² = 0.430), foot care (R² = 0.427), and medication adherence (R² = 0.349) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physical activity demonstrated the most significant effect attributable to DSME.
Conclusion: Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) effectively improves self-care management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the greatest impact on physical activity. These findings support DSME as an evidence-based strategy to promote independent self-care and as a standard operating protocol in Gedangan Community Health Center.
References
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27. Windani CMS, Abdul M, Rosidin U. Gambaran Self-Manajemen pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II di Puskesmas Tarogong Kabupaten Garut. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia [Internet]. 2019;15(1):1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.37058/jkki.v15i1.984
28. Astuti A, Sari LA, Merdekawati D. Perilaku diit pada diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Zahir Publishing; 2022.
29. Sagala LMB. Self Care Management Pasien Hipertensi Dalam Pengendalian Tekanan Darah. PT Arr Rad Pratama; 2025.
30. Rahayu D, Herlina N. Hubungan antara Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Minum Obat dengan Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2: Literature Review. Borneo Student Research [Internet]. 2021;3(1):341–51. Available from: https://journals.umkt.ac.id/index.php/bsr/article/view/2491
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32. Simbolon MA, Kurniawati ND, Harmayetty H. Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) Meningkatkan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Self Efficacy Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Indonesian Journal of Community Health Nursing [Internet]. 2019;4(2):60–6. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net publication/355040287_Daiabetes_Self_Management_Education_DSME_Meningkatkan_Pengetahuan_Sikap_dan_Self_Efficacy_Penderita_Diabetes_Melitus_Tipe_2
2. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas (Edisi ke-10): Estimasi Jumlah Penderita Diabetes Mellitus di Indonesia [Internet]. International Diabetes Federation; 2022. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK581934/
3. Istiqomah IN, Yuliyani N. Efektivitas Latihan Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2: Kajian Literatur. Berkala Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ilmu Keperawatan Indonesia [Internet]. 2022;10(1):1–10. Available from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ce01/1cf0afb9918f31d3e6cb6bc0030d467dd1f4.pdf
4. Listriyani AS, Sandya F, Handayani MI, Leftungun SY. Analisis Risiko dan Perilaku Pencegahan Penyakit DM Tipe 2 pada Usia Produktif di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Depok Jaya Tahun 2022: Risk Analysis and Prevention Behavior for Type 2 DM in the Productive Age in the Depok Jaya Community Health Center UPTD Work Area in 2022. Journal of Public Health Education. 2023;2(2):62–9.
5. Tandra H. Strategi mengalahkan komplikasi diabetes dari kepala sampai kaki. Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2014.
6. Tobing A. Care Your Self: Diabetes Melitu. Niaga Swadaya; 2008.
7. Candra IW, Sumirta IN, Harini IGA. Keadaan Harga Diri dan Depresi Pasien Diabetes Melitus dalam Model Manajemen Emosi Mengatasi Masalah Psikososial. MEGA PRESS NUSANTARA; 2023.
8. Zatihulwani EZ, Sasmito NB, Putra KWR. Diabetes Self Manajemen Education Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe Ii Di Desa Tugusumberjo Peterongan Jombang: Diabetes Self Management Education As An Effort To Improve The Quality Of Life Of Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus Patients In Tugusumberjo Village Peterongan Jombang. Jurnal Abdimas Pamenang. 2025;3(1):40–7.
9. Rahmadani DF, Aljihad MN. Penerapan Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) Terhadap Peningkatan Manajemen Kesehatan Mandiri Pada Pasien DM Tipe 2. Ners Muda. 2023;4(1):30.
10. Damayantie N, Rusmimpong R, Nomiko D. Diabetes Self Management Education Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Diabetes Mellitus. Jurnal Binakes. 2021;2(1):6–12.
11. Hananto SY, Putri ST, Puspita APW. Studi Kasus: Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Jurnal Keperawatan. 2022;20(4):128–37.
12. Putri RCA. Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Perilaku dalam Mencegah Diabetes Melitus pada Jemaah Haji di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kotagede I Yogyakarta [Internet]. 2021. Available from: https://eprints.poltekkesjogja.ac.id/5599/
13. Handayani NY, Haryanto I. Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Kepatuhan Diet Pasien Diabetes Mellitus di Klinik Bhakti Husada Purwakarta. Journal of Holistic and Health Sciences [Internet]. 2017;1(1):50–62. Available from: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/340436-hubungan-tingkat-pengetahuan-dandukungan-0b5a2e59.pdf?
14. Aminah S, Amelia KR, Rianto B, Safitri VD. Pengaruh Edukasi Self Management Diabetes (DSME) Dengan Media Booklet Terhadap Kepatuhan Diet Pasien DM Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Cimahi Selatan. Malahayati Nursing Journal [Internet]. 2022;4(2):432–42. Available from: https://ejurnalmalahayati.ac.id/index.php/manuju/article/view/5912?
15. Fahardianto F, Rosyid FN. Pengaruh Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) Terhadap Self Care Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Malahayati Nursing Journal. 2023;5(12):4132–42.
16. Husnah, Zufry H, Maisura. Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Kepatuhan Pasien Diabetes Melitus dalam Menjalani Terapi di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala [Internet]. 2014;14(2):62–6. Available from: https://core.ac.uk/download/141841572.pdf
17. Asrindo K, Wardoyo E, Amirudin I. Pengaruh Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) Melalui Media Buku Pintar Elektronik Terhadap Perawatan Diri Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sanggi Kabupaten Tanggamus. Health Research Journal of Indonesia. 2024;3(1):1–11.
18. Suryati I. Buku keperawatan latihan efektif untuk pasien diabetes mellitus berbasis hasil penelitian. Deepublish; 2021.
19. Girsang DG. Dampak Aktivitas Fisik Harian Terhadap Kesehatan Fisiologis Dan Psikologis: Suatu Tinjauan Pustaka. Jurnal Masyarakat Hukum Pendidikan Harapan. 2025;5(02).
20. Serbis A, Giapros V, Kotanidou EP, Galli-Tsinopoulou A, Siomou E. Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents. World J Diabetes [Internet]. 2021;12(4):344–65. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8040084/
21. Astutisari IDAEC, Darmini AAAYDAAAY, Ayu IAPWI, Wulandari P. Hubungan pola makan dan aktivitas fisik dengan kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Manggis I. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Nasional. 2022;6(2):79–87.
22. Munali K, Nihayati HE, Hidayat Arifin ROP. CRITICAL MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING JOURNAL. Jurnal Keperawatan Medikal Bedah Dan Kritis. 2019;8(1).
23. Puspa IP. Pengaruh Edukasi Terhadap Perilaku Perawatan Kaki Penderita Diabetes Mellitus di Puskesmas Jemursari Kota Surabaya [Internet]. [Surabaya]; 2022. Available from: https://repository.stikeshangtuah-sby.ac.id/id/eprint/374/
24. Vatankhah N, Khamseh ME, Jahangiri Noudeh Y, Aghili R, Baradaran HR, Safai Haeri N. The Effectiveness of Foot Care Education on People With Type 2 Diabetes in Tehran, Iran. Prim Care Diabetes [Internet]. 2009;3(2):73–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19524494/
25. Chairunisa C, Arifin S, Rosida L. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Kepatuhan Minum Obat Anti Diabetes pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Homeostasis [Internet]. 2019;2(1):33–42. Available from: https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/index.php/hms/article/view/426?
26. Astuti RK. Pengaruh Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) Berbasis Keluarga terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dalam Pengendalian Glukosa Darah. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI). 2024;7(2):408–13.
27. Windani CMS, Abdul M, Rosidin U. Gambaran Self-Manajemen pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II di Puskesmas Tarogong Kabupaten Garut. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia [Internet]. 2019;15(1):1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.37058/jkki.v15i1.984
28. Astuti A, Sari LA, Merdekawati D. Perilaku diit pada diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Zahir Publishing; 2022.
29. Sagala LMB. Self Care Management Pasien Hipertensi Dalam Pengendalian Tekanan Darah. PT Arr Rad Pratama; 2025.
30. Rahayu D, Herlina N. Hubungan antara Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Minum Obat dengan Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2: Literature Review. Borneo Student Research [Internet]. 2021;3(1):341–51. Available from: https://journals.umkt.ac.id/index.php/bsr/article/view/2491
31. Azmiardi A. Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Praktik Perawatan Diri pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Surakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Berkala (JIKeMB) [Internet]. 2020;2(1):18–22. Available from: https://journal.univetbantara.ac.id/index.php/jikemb/article/view/812
32. Simbolon MA, Kurniawati ND, Harmayetty H. Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) Meningkatkan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Self Efficacy Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Indonesian Journal of Community Health Nursing [Internet]. 2019;4(2):60–6. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net publication/355040287_Daiabetes_Self_Management_Education_DSME_Meningkatkan_Pengetahuan_Sikap_dan_Self_Efficacy_Penderita_Diabetes_Melitus_Tipe_2
Published
2026-01-12
Section
Original Articles
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