Penilaian Risiko Inhalasi Penggunaan Bahan Kimia pada Air Umpan Boiler di Fasilitas Produksi Minyak dan Gas di PT X
Inhalation Risk Assessment of Chemicals utilization i Boiler feedwater in oil and gas production facility at PT X
Abstract
Pengunaan bahan-bahan kimia berbahaya yang semakin meningkat didalam kegiatan produksi minyak dan gas semakin memunculkan kekhawatiran akan potensi bahaya kesehatan bagi pekerja. Salah satu kegiatannya adalah penambahan bahan kimia yaitu Amerzine (CAS: 302-01-2), Adjunct B (CAS:7558-79-4), GC Alkaline concentrate (1310-73-2) dan SLCC-A (CAS:110-91-8) pada air umpan boiler (boiler feedwater). Air umpan boiler atau boiler feedwater adalah air yang di salurkan ke dalam ketel uap (boiler) yang kemudian menghasilkan uap panas yang dapat digunakan dalam proses produksi minyak dan gas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko dan tindakan prioritas dari risiko pajanan inhalasi penggunaan bahan kimia pada boiler feedwater. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus di fasilitas produksi minyak dan gas kapal FPSO PT X. Metode yang digunakan adalah Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) yang diperkenalkan oleh DOSH (Department Occupational Health and Safety) Malaysia, ditentukan oleh faktor Hazard Rating (HR), Exposure Rating (ER), dan Risk Rating (RR), dimana Exposure Rating (ER) ditentukan oleh nilai frequency-duration rating (FDR) dan magnitude rating (MR). Hasil CHRA menunjukkan bahwa tingkat risiko (RR) dari bahan kimia yang digunakan, tiga diantaranya yaitu amerzine (hygdrazine) skor :12, Adjunct B (sodium phosphate) skor: 9, SLCC-A (morpholine) skor: 9 yang ketiganya masuk dalam kategori risiko sedang (moderate risk) dan satu bahan kimia GC Alkaline concentrate (sodium hydroxide) skor: 3 kategori risiko rendah (low risk). Hasil risk rating (RR) kategori sedang (moderate) menentukan pula tindakan prioritas untuk pengendalian potensi bahaya dari bahan kimia yang digunakan, yaitu Action Priority (AP-2), dimana aktvitas pekerjaan tidak harus dihentikan segera ketika melakukan upaya pengendalian risiko, dengan syarat praktek kerja aman diterapkan hingga proses penerapan tindakan pengendalian diterapkan secara permanen. Selanjutnya merekomendasikan tahapan pengendalian bahaya (hierarchy control) bertujuan menurunkan tingkat risiko dari bahaya pajanan inhalasi ke kondisi ALARP sehingga tercipta lingkungan kerja yang aman dan sehat bagi pekerja. Diharapakan bisa dilanjutkan penilaian risiko secara semi-kuantitatif atau kuantitatif.
References
Benson C, Dimopoulos C, Argyropoulos CD, Varianou Mikellidou C, Boustras G. Assessing the common occupational health hazards and their health risks among oil and gas workers. Safety Science. 2021;140(March):105284.
El-Harbawi M. Development of a Chemical Health Risk Assessment Tool for Health Risk Assessment from Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research. 2020;28(3).
Kurniawidjaja LM, Lestari F, Tejamaya M, Ramdhan DH. Konsep Dasar Toksikologi Industri. FKM universitas indonesia; 2021. 54–118 p.
ILO. World Statistic [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://www.ilo.org/moscow/areas-of-work/occupational-safety-and-health/WCMS_249278/lang--en/index.htm
Andersson E, Forsell K, Björ O, Nilsson R. 863 Cancer incidence among tanker crews in a cohort study of swedish seafarers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2018 Apr 1;75(Suppl 2):A393 LP-A393.
Stenehjem JS, Babigumira R, Hosgood HD, Veierød MB, Samuelsen SO, Bråtveit M, et al. Cohort Profile: Norwegian Offshore Petroleum Workers (NOPW) Cohort. Int J Epidemiol. 2021;50(2):398–9.
DOSH. A Manual of Recommended Practice on assessment of the health risk arising from the use of chemicals hazardous to health at the at the workplace. Kuala Lumpur: Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Malaysia, ministry of human resources; 2018.
Marquart H, Heussen H, Le Feber M, Noy D, Tielemans E, West J, et al. “Stoffenmanagerâ€, a web-based control banding tool using an exposure process model. Annals of Occupational Hygiene. 2008;52(6):429–41.
Mat Dahan S, Taib Y, Mohd Zainudin N, Ismail F, Ahmad Nazif NK. Implementation and Analysis of Chemical Hazard Risk Assessment (CHRA) At A Petrochemicals Company, Malaysia. International Journal of Technology Management. 2012;1:47–56.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license. 
