Effect of Calendula officinalis L. extract emulgel on MMP-1 and MMP-9 levels in UV-B-exposed male Wistar rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.12439Keywords:
Calendula officinalis, MMP-1, MMP-9, photoaging, UV-B, Wistar ratsAbstract
Background: Ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation increases matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-1 and MMP-9, which degrade collagen and drive photoaging. Calendula officinalis L. has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may limit this damage. This study evaluated the effect of Calendula officinalis L. extract emulgel on blood MMP-1 and MMP-9 levels in UV-B-exposed Wistar rats.
Methods: An in vivo post-test-only control group experiment was conducted using 24 male Wistar rats (6 per group): healthy control (K1), UV-B with base emulgel (K2), UV-B with 10% calendula emulgel (K3), and UV-B with 20% calendula emulgel (K4). UV-B (302 nm, 400 mJ/cm²) was given daily for 14 days, and emulgel was applied once daily one hour after exposure. Blood was collected after 24 hours, and MMP-1 and MMP-9 were measured by ELISA. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: MMP-1 differed among groups (p = .004). It was higher in K2 (4.787 ± 0.437 ng/mL), K3 (4.662 ± 0.205 ng/mL), and K4 (4.788 ± 0.360 ng/mL) than in K1 (3.935 ± 0.534 ng/mL), but K3 and K4 did not differ from K2 (p = .949 and 1.000). MMP-9 did not differ among groups (p = .104).
Conclusion: Calendula emulgel at 10% and 20% did not significantly change blood MMP-1 or MMP-9 levels compared with the UV-B group treated with base emulgel in this model.
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