Long Relationship of Suffering with Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Limboto Health Center
Keywords:
Depression, Long Suffering, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that continues to increase and requires long-term management because it can cause various complications, including psychological disorders such as depression. Long suffering from the disease is one of the factors that can affect the patient's psychological condition. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the length of suffering and the incidence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Limboto Health Center.
The method of this study is quantitative with a correlational analytical design through a cross sectional approach. The population is all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus which totals 1002 people, and a sample of 91 respondents with purposive sampling techniques. The instrument of this research is the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) questionnaire. The data was analyzed using the Spearman Rank Test.
The results showed that the length of suffering was the most <5 years (54.9%) and the incidence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was categorized as minimal, so there was no relationship between the length of suffering and the incidence of depression. This research is expected to improve health services for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by conducting routine monitoring or screening, not only the physical condition but also the psychological condition of the patient.
References
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Demography, H. and Knowledge, D. (2025) "Journal of Ikifa Pharmacy Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Pengkilingan Village, Journal of Ikifa Pharmacy," 4(1), pp. 123–134.
Dewitte, K. et al. (2002) "Application of the Bland-Altman plot for interpretation of method-comparison studies: a critical investigation of its practice.," Clinical chemistry. England, pp. 792–799.
Elnaem, M.H. et al. (2025) "Depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia and Malaysia: do age, diabetes duration, foot ulcers, and prescribed medication play a role?," Psychology, Health and Medicine, 30(3), pp. 555–571. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2025.2450545.
Fatmona, F.A., Permana, D.R. and Sakurawati, A. (2023) "Overview of Public Knowledge Level on Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Type 2 at Siko Care Health Center," MAHESA: Malahayati Health Student Journal, 3(12), pp. 4166–4178. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v3i12.12581.
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Firmansyah, D. and Dede (2022) "General Sampling Techniques in Methodology," Scientific Journal of Holistic Education (JIPH), 1(2), pp. 85–114.
Ilham, M. et al. (2020) "Systematic Review: Determinants of Factors Affecting Treatment Compliance of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Indonesia," pp. 281–300.
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Janna, N.M. and Herianto (2021) "Correct Statistical Articles," Journal of Darul Dakwah Wal-Irsyad (DDI), (18210047), pp. 1–12.
Health, P. (2024) "Duration of Dm Affects Long-Term Glycemic Control as Measured by Hba1c in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus," 34(3), pp. 563–570.
Kim, J.-J. et al. (2019) "Impact of diabetes duration on the extent and severity of coronary atheroma burden and long-term clinical outcome in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients: evaluation by Coronary CT angiography.," European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging, 16(10), pp. 1065–1073. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jev106.
Kim, M.K. et al. (2024) "Diabetes Duration, Cholesterol Levels, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes," The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 109(12), pp. 2317–2323. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae092.
Lestari et al. (2021) "Diabetes Mellitus: Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Causes, Methods of Examination, Treatment and Prevention," UIN Alauddin Makassar, 1(2), pp. 237–241. Available at: http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/psb.
M. Syahid, Z. (2021) "Literature Review of Factors Related to Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Adherence," Sandi Husada Health Scientific Journal, 10(1), pp. 147–155.
Maulana, A. (2022) "Analysis of the Validity, Reliability, and Feasibility of Student Confidence Assessment Instruments," Journal of Education Quality, 3(3), pp. 133–139. Available at: https://doi.org/10.51651/jkp.v3i3.331.
Melytania et al. (2023) "The Relationship between Blood Glucose Levels When and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Polyclinic of Mataram City Hospital," Journal of Medicine, 8(2), pp. 114–124. Available at: https://doi.org/10.36679/kedokteran.v8i2.46.
Murtiningsih, M.K., Pandelaki, K. and Sedli, B.P. (2021) "Lifestyle as a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus," 9(28), pp. 328–333.
Nina, N. et al. (2023) "Risk Determinants and Prevention of the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Productive Age in the DKI Jakarta Region," Journal of Public Health Education, 2(4), pp. 377–385. Available at: https://doi.org/10.53801/jphe.v2i4.148.
Nugroho, S.L., Anggorotomo, W. and Rafie, R. (2021) "Length of Suffering and Glycemic Control Associated with Decreased Cognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients," Malahayati Journal of Midwifery, 7(3), pp. 495–501. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v7i3.4102.
Nurfadila, D.I., Hastuti, R.W. and Ayuningtyas, P.R. (2023) "The Relationship Between the Duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Level of Depression An Observational Analytical Study in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Sultan Agung Hospital Semarang," Sultan Agung Science Journal, pp. 153–159.
Omega, Y.P. and Herman, S. (2024) "Handling Depression through the Spiritual Dimension in the City of Bandung," Fidei: Journal of Systematic Theology and Practice, 7(1), pp. 1–20. Available at: https://doi.org/10.34081/fidei.v7i1.488.
Østergaard, L. et al. (2019) "Duration and complications of diabetes mellitus and the associated risk of infective endocarditis.," International journal of cardiology, 278, pp. 280–284. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.09.106.
Pradana, I, Gede, putu, ryan, A., Lestari, sagung, P. and udiyani, desak, putu, C. (2022) "The Relationship between Depression and Long Suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Outpatients at Karangasem Bali Hospital," e-Journal AMJ (Aesculapius Medical Journal), Vol. 2 No.(2), pp. 124–129.
Prayitno, E. et al. (2022) "2 3 4 1," The Rise of MSMEs Post-Covid-19 Pandemic, 2(4), pp. 4787–4794. Available at: https://www.bajangjournal.com/index.php/J-ABDI/article/view/3641/2684.
Putri, N.A. (2024) "The Relationship between Education Level and Self Care Activities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Puskesmas," 8.
Rabbani, M.A. et al. (2024) "Journal of Tropical Biology Beyond Type 1 and Type 2: Literature Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Diagnosis of Other Type Diabetes Mellitus."
Ramadani, I.R., Fauziyah, T. and Rozzaq, B.K. (2024) "Depression, Causes and Symptoms of Depression," Journal of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Education, 2(2), pp. 89–99. Available at: https://doi.org/10.51903/bersatu.v2i2.619.
Rinaldi, Martaria Rizky, K.W.Y. (2023) "Depression in Indonesian Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Descriptive Study from The Population-."
Robertus Surjoseto and Devy Sofyanty (2022) "Coping Mechanism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital," Journal of Health and Medicine, 1(3), pp. 24–28. Available at: https://doi.org/10.56127/jukeke.v1i3.292.
Roro, R. and Soemadi, A. (2023) "Volume 20 Issue 2 ( 2023 ) Pages 189-197 PERFORMANCE : Journal of Economics and Management ISSN : 1907-3011 ( Print ) 2528-1127 ( Online ) The influence of digital marketing and product quality on fried chicken home delivery purchase decisions The influence of digita," Journal of Economics and Management, 20(2), pp. 189–197.
Soelistijo, S.A. and Suastika, K. (2024) "Guidelines for the Management and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia 2024 Indonesian Endocrinology Association," pp. 1–126.
Sofya, A. et al. (2024) "Survey Methods: Explanatory Survey and Cross Sectional in Quantitative Research," 4(3), pp. 1695–1708.
Sukarya, I.G.A. (2025) "The Long-Term Relationship of Suffering in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Albumin Levels at Puskesmas," 6 (September), pp. 12944–12950.
Suriani, N., Risnita and Jailani, M.S. (2023) "The Concept of Population and Sampling and Participant Selection Reviewed from Educational Scientific Research," IHSAN Journal: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), pp. 24–36. Available at: https://doi.org/10.61104/ihsan.v1i2.55.
Uin, S. and Hidayatullah, S. (no date) "Validity Test of Construct Beck Depression Inventory -II ( Bdi- II )," (September 2014).
Widiasari, K.R., Wijaya, I.M.K. and Suputra, P.A. (2021) "Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management," Ganesha Medicine, 1(2), p. 114. Available at: https://doi.org/10.23887/gm.v1i2.40006.
Alpian, M. and Mariawan Alfarizi, L. (2022) "Type 2 (Two) Diabetes Mellitus and Its Treatment: A Review of the Literature," Journal of Public Health and Medical Studies, 1(1), pp. 13–23. Available at: https://scientium.co.id/journals/index.php/jphms/article/view/254.
Anissa, M., Artiwi Putri, C. and Mahatma, G. (2023) "Overview of Depression Rates in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at the Tanjung Pinang Health Center in 2022," Scientific Journal, 2(5), pp. 191–199. Available at: https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v2i5.103.
Arib, M.F. et al. (2024) "Experimental Research in Educational Research," Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(1), pp. 5497–5511. Available at: https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative/article/view/8468.
Azizan Aziz, A., Eka Priana, S. and Dewi, S. (2021) "Planning of Secondary Irrigation Channels for Batang Tombongan 1 to Batang Tombongan 2 D.I Panti Rao, West Pasaman Regency," Encyclopedia Research and Community Service Review, 1(1), pp. 55–61. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33559/err.v1i1.981.
Candra Susanto, P. et al. (2024) "Quantitative Research Concepts: Population, Samples, and Data Analysis (A Literature Review)," Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences , 3(1), pp. 1–12. Available at: https://doi.org/10.38035/jim.v3i1.504.
Choeron, R.C. and Nofiana, I. (2023) "Misuse of Sampling Techniques in Quantitative Research in the Field of Nursing," Nursing News: Scientific Journal of Nursing, 7(3), pp. 195–201. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33366/nn.v7i3.2865.
Demography, H. and Knowledge, D. (2025) "Journal of Ikifa Pharmacy Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Pengkilingan Village, Journal of Ikifa Pharmacy," 4(1), pp. 123–134.
Dewitte, K. et al. (2002) "Application of the Bland-Altman plot for interpretation of method-comparison studies: a critical investigation of its practice.," Clinical chemistry. England, pp. 792–799.
Elnaem, M.H. et al. (2025) "Depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia and Malaysia: do age, diabetes duration, foot ulcers, and prescribed medication play a role?," Psychology, Health and Medicine, 30(3), pp. 555–571. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2025.2450545.
Fatmona, F.A., Permana, D.R. and Sakurawati, A. (2023) "Overview of Public Knowledge Level on Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Type 2 at Siko Care Health Center," MAHESA: Malahayati Health Student Journal, 3(12), pp. 4166–4178. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v3i12.12581.
Fauziani, A.N. et al. (2024) "Introduction of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Genetic Mutations," Medula, 14(2), pp. 442–446.
Firdausy, D.A.M. and Amalia, E. (2024) "Depression in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus," Unram Medical Journal, 13(2), pp. 87–90. Available at: https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku___________.
Firmansyah, D. and Dede (2022) "General Sampling Techniques in Methodology," Scientific Journal of Holistic Education (JIPH), 1(2), pp. 85–114.
Ilham, M. et al. (2020) "Systematic Review: Determinants of Factors Affecting Treatment Compliance of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Indonesia," pp. 281–300.
Irwan (2022) Scientific Research Methods .
Janna, N.M. and Herianto (2021) "Correct Statistical Articles," Journal of Darul Dakwah Wal-Irsyad (DDI), (18210047), pp. 1–12.
Health, P. (2024) "Duration of Dm Affects Long-Term Glycemic Control as Measured by Hba1c in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus," 34(3), pp. 563–570.
Kim, J.-J. et al. (2019) "Impact of diabetes duration on the extent and severity of coronary atheroma burden and long-term clinical outcome in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients: evaluation by Coronary CT angiography.," European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging, 16(10), pp. 1065–1073. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jev106.
Kim, M.K. et al. (2024) "Diabetes Duration, Cholesterol Levels, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes," The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 109(12), pp. 2317–2323. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae092.
Lestari et al. (2021) "Diabetes Mellitus: Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Causes, Methods of Examination, Treatment and Prevention," UIN Alauddin Makassar, 1(2), pp. 237–241. Available at: http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/psb.
M. Syahid, Z. (2021) "Literature Review of Factors Related to Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Adherence," Sandi Husada Health Scientific Journal, 10(1), pp. 147–155.
Maulana, A. (2022) "Analysis of the Validity, Reliability, and Feasibility of Student Confidence Assessment Instruments," Journal of Education Quality, 3(3), pp. 133–139. Available at: https://doi.org/10.51651/jkp.v3i3.331.
Melytania et al. (2023) "The Relationship between Blood Glucose Levels When and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Polyclinic of Mataram City Hospital," Journal of Medicine, 8(2), pp. 114–124. Available at: https://doi.org/10.36679/kedokteran.v8i2.46.
Murtiningsih, M.K., Pandelaki, K. and Sedli, B.P. (2021) "Lifestyle as a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus," 9(28), pp. 328–333.
Nina, N. et al. (2023) "Risk Determinants and Prevention of the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Productive Age in the DKI Jakarta Region," Journal of Public Health Education, 2(4), pp. 377–385. Available at: https://doi.org/10.53801/jphe.v2i4.148.
Nugroho, S.L., Anggorotomo, W. and Rafie, R. (2021) "Length of Suffering and Glycemic Control Associated with Decreased Cognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients," Malahayati Journal of Midwifery, 7(3), pp. 495–501. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v7i3.4102.
Nurfadila, D.I., Hastuti, R.W. and Ayuningtyas, P.R. (2023) "The Relationship Between the Duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Level of Depression An Observational Analytical Study in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Sultan Agung Hospital Semarang," Sultan Agung Science Journal, pp. 153–159.
Omega, Y.P. and Herman, S. (2024) "Handling Depression through the Spiritual Dimension in the City of Bandung," Fidei: Journal of Systematic Theology and Practice, 7(1), pp. 1–20. Available at: https://doi.org/10.34081/fidei.v7i1.488.
Østergaard, L. et al. (2019) "Duration and complications of diabetes mellitus and the associated risk of infective endocarditis.," International journal of cardiology, 278, pp. 280–284. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.09.106.
Pradana, I, Gede, putu, ryan, A., Lestari, sagung, P. and udiyani, desak, putu, C. (2022) "The Relationship between Depression and Long Suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Outpatients at Karangasem Bali Hospital," e-Journal AMJ (Aesculapius Medical Journal), Vol. 2 No.(2), pp. 124–129.
Prayitno, E. et al. (2022) "2 3 4 1," The Rise of MSMEs Post-Covid-19 Pandemic, 2(4), pp. 4787–4794. Available at: https://www.bajangjournal.com/index.php/J-ABDI/article/view/3641/2684.
Putri, N.A. (2024) "The Relationship between Education Level and Self Care Activities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Puskesmas," 8.
Rabbani, M.A. et al. (2024) "Journal of Tropical Biology Beyond Type 1 and Type 2: Literature Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Diagnosis of Other Type Diabetes Mellitus."
Ramadani, I.R., Fauziyah, T. and Rozzaq, B.K. (2024) "Depression, Causes and Symptoms of Depression," Journal of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Education, 2(2), pp. 89–99. Available at: https://doi.org/10.51903/bersatu.v2i2.619.
Rinaldi, Martaria Rizky, K.W.Y. (2023) "Depression in Indonesian Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Descriptive Study from The Population-."
Robertus Surjoseto and Devy Sofyanty (2022) "Coping Mechanism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital," Journal of Health and Medicine, 1(3), pp. 24–28. Available at: https://doi.org/10.56127/jukeke.v1i3.292.
Roro, R. and Soemadi, A. (2023) "Volume 20 Issue 2 ( 2023 ) Pages 189-197 PERFORMANCE : Journal of Economics and Management ISSN : 1907-3011 ( Print ) 2528-1127 ( Online ) The influence of digital marketing and product quality on fried chicken home delivery purchase decisions The influence of digita," Journal of Economics and Management, 20(2), pp. 189–197.
Soelistijo, S.A. and Suastika, K. (2024) "Guidelines for the Management and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia 2024 Indonesian Endocrinology Association," pp. 1–126.
Sofya, A. et al. (2024) "Survey Methods: Explanatory Survey and Cross Sectional in Quantitative Research," 4(3), pp. 1695–1708.
Sukarya, I.G.A. (2025) "The Long-Term Relationship of Suffering in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Albumin Levels at Puskesmas," 6 (September), pp. 12944–12950.
Suriani, N., Risnita and Jailani, M.S. (2023) "The Concept of Population and Sampling and Participant Selection Reviewed from Educational Scientific Research," IHSAN Journal: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), pp. 24–36. Available at: https://doi.org/10.61104/ihsan.v1i2.55.
Uin, S. and Hidayatullah, S. (no date) "Validity Test of Construct Beck Depression Inventory -II ( Bdi- II )," (September 2014).
Widiasari, K.R., Wijaya, I.M.K. and Suputra, P.A. (2021) "Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management," Ganesha Medicine, 1(2), p. 114. Available at: https://doi.org/10.23887/gm.v1i2.40006.
Published
2026-05-25
How to Cite
Anggy Nurmanifa Humagi, Siti Rahma, & Mihrawaty S. Antu. (2026). Long Relationship of Suffering with Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Limboto Health Center . International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 8(3), 1682~1692. https://doi.org/10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.11150
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