Pengaruh Modifikasi Senyawa Alam Terhadap Aktivitas Antikanker Dan Mekanisme Kerjanya
The Effect of Chemical Modification of Natural Compounds on Anticancer Activity and Its Mechanism of Action
Keywords:
Senyawa alam, VEGF, Modifikasi kimia, Antikanker, Apoptosis
Abstract
Senyawa alam telah lama dikenal memiliki potensi sebagai agen antikanker melalui mekanisme biologis seperti induksi apoptosis dan penghambatan proliferasi sel. Namun, keterbatasan seperti bioavailabilitas rendah, stabilitas kimia yang buruk, dan selektivitas terhadap sel kanker yang kurang optimal menjadi tantangan dalam penggunaannya secara klinis. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh modifikasi kimia terhadap struktur senyawa alam dalam meningkatkan efektivitas dan selektivitas antikanker. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka (literature review) terhadap sepuluh studi terkini yang relevan, dengan sumber dari database ilmiah seperti PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi kimia—melalui penambahan gugus fungsional, konjugasi dengan nanopartikel, dan substitusi aromatik—berhasil meningkatkan afinitas terhadap target biologis, memperbaiki profil farmakokinetik, serta memperkuat mekanisme kerja seperti aktivasi caspase, penghambatan jalur NF-?B, dan penurunan ekspresi VEGF. Senyawa termodifikasi seperti EF24, GO-Y030, dan Curcumin-Nanoform menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas sitotoksik yang signifikan dibandingkan senyawa asalnya. Dengan demikian, modifikasi kimia terhadap senyawa alam berpotensi besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat obat antikanker yang lebih efektif, selektif, dan aman.
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Rizkirullah, Muhammad Adhitya, Rudi Kartika, Raihan Aswat, Muhammad Haissul Mahrus, Fatur Rahman, Andi Kurniawan, Andi Aulia, et al. Muhammad Adhitya Rizkirullah Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Mulawarman BEBERAPA JENIS METABOLIT SEKUNDER YANG BERPOTENSI SEBAGAI ANTI KANKER?: A MINI REVIEW SOME TYPES OF SECONDARY METABOLITES THAT HAVE POTENTIAL AS ANTI-CANCER: A MINI REVIEW.
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Zhang, Weikang, Xiaohang Zheng, Yuhang Gong, Ting Jiang, Jianxin Qiu, Xinhui Wu, Fangying Lu, Zhangfu Wang, and Zhenghua Hong. 2022. “VX-11e Protects Articular Cartilage and Subchondral Bone in Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL and MAPK Signaling Pathways.” Bioorganic Chemistry 120: 105632. doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105632.
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