Relationship of Self-Care Based on Orem Theory to the Risk of Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetic Patients Type 2 Mellitus at the Tilongkabila Health Center
Keywords:
Self-Care, Orem Theory, Risk of Peripheral Neuropathy, Diabetic Patients Type 2 Mellitus
Abstract
This study aims to find out how the relationship between self-care and the risk of peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Tilongkabila Health Center. This type of research is quantitative using a correlational design, which aims to find out whether there is a relationship between two or more variables with the approach used, namely cross-sectional. Based on the results of the study, obtained from 74 respondents, it shows that most of the respondents have good self-care, namely 50 respondents (67.6%), followed by respondents with sufficient self-care as many as 11 respondents (14.9%), and less self-care as many as 13 respondents (17.6%). The results of neuropathy screening examination using monofilament found that as many as 41 respondents (55.4%) were not at risk of developing peripheral neuropathy, while 33 respondents (44.6%) were at risk of peripheral neuropathy. There was a statistically significant relationship between self-care based on Orem's theory and the risk of peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Tilongkabila Health Center, with a p-value of 0.043 (p < 0.05).
References
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Maryani, L., Supriadi, Suhamdani, H., Kurnia, A., Wilandika, A., Riyana, A., Widyastuti, D., Nugraha, D., Murtiningsih, Suyati, Sakti, B., Safrudin, M. B., Putro, D. U. H., Xaverius, W. F., Yunus Adhy Prasetyo, Zulkarnain, Syabariyah, S., Suwandewi, A., Sianturi, S. R., ... Sihombing, F. (2025). Basic Concepts of Nursing Textbook (AIPViKI Curriculum 2022) (F. Sihombing (ed.)). CV Eureka Media Aksara. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=7BGREQAAQBAJ
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Nursamsiah, D., Dinarwulan, Kawuryan, U., & Wuriani. (2025). The Relationship of Fasting Blood Sugar with the Incidence of Neuropathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Journal of Nursing and Health Research, 2(3), 109–114. https://doi.org/10.71203/jrkk.v2i3.37
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Pahria, T., Pitora, T., & Affirmsari, Ek. (2022). Factors that affect self-care in Heart Failure patients. Journal of Forikes Voice Health Research, 13(4), 886–893.
Paisal, A. (2021). Overview of Self Care in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus According to Orem Theory in the Working Area of the Batunadua Health Center, Padangsidimpuan City in 2021. In Journal of Nursing Research.
Pamungkas, R. A., & Usman, A. M. (2021). A Practical Guide to Diabetes and Neuropathy Risk Screening. In I. Listiyawati & K. R. MN (Eds.), Practical Guide to Diabetes and Neuropathy Risk Screening (Vol. 1). CV KHD Production.
Perkeni. (2021). Guidelines for the Management and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia 2021. in the Indonesian Endocrinology Association.
Tilongkabila Health Center. (2025). Internal Data of Diabetes Mellitus Patients at the Tilongkabila Health Center in 2025.
Putri, A. A., Junando, M., & Sukohar, A. (2024). Review Article: Pathophysiology and Pharmacological Therapy of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Geriatric Patients. Medical Sciences, 2(5), 142–147.
Rachman, A., & Dwipayana, I. M. P. (2020). Prevalence and relationship between glycemic control and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type II diabetes mellitus at Sanglah Hospital. Udayana Medical Journal, 32(3), 167–186. https://doi.org/10.24843.MU.2020.V9.i4.P13
Rachmantoko, R., Afif, Z., Rahmawati, D., Rakhmatiar, R., & Nandar Kurniawan, S. (2021). Diabetic Neuropathic Pain. JPHV (Journal of Pain, Vertigo and Headache), 2(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jphv.2021.002.01.3
Rahman, Z. (2023). The Effect of Health Education on Self-Care of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Scientific Journal of Nursing, 9(3), 577–581.
Rizal, R., Shandy, V. R., Rusdi, M. S., & Afriyeni, H. (2024). A Study of Patient Satisfaction with Pharmaceutical Services at the Outpatient Pharmacy of Sungai Dareh Hospital. Journal of Exact Scientific Research and Assessment, 03(02), 58–67.
Saltar, L., Sahar, J., & Rekawati, E. (2023). Self-Care Behavior, Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Symptoms of Peripheral Neuropathy. Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversity, 6(9s SE-Articles), 799–809. https://jrtdd.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1642
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Takahashi, K., Takeishi, C., Tsutsumi, C., Nakao, T., Sato, Y., Uchizono, Y., Nunoi, K., Tabira, Y., & Shimizu, Y. (2025). Exploring the relationship between self-care agency and quality of life in adults with diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Plos One, 20(7 July), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326783
Tandra, H. (2020). From Diabetes to Feet (Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 1–9).
Tarihoran, D. M., Samosir, B., & Husada, Stik. N. (2024). The relationship between foot self care and peripheral neuropathy in diabetes mellitus in the working area of the Poriaha Health Center, Central Tapanuli District. Journal of Scientific Horizons, 3(12), 3617–3624.
Tofure, I. R., S, H. L. B., & Eka, A. (2021). Characteristics of Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy at the Neurological Polyclinic of Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon Hospital in 2016-2019. Molucca Medica, 14(2), 97–108.
Wahyuni, N. P. A., Antari, G. A. A., & Yanti, N. L. P. E. (2021). Overview of the Level of Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Wangaya Hospital. Community of Publishing in Nursing (COPING), 9(2), 188–194. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2021.v09.i02.p09.
Waruwu, M. I. S., & Wahyu, A. (2024). A long association of suffering with the incidence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in women of productive age in the working area of the Puskesmas Often Medan Melvin. Excellent Midwifery Journal, 6, 104.
WHO. (2024a). Diabetes. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes
WHO. (2024b). Noncommunicable diseases. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases
Zuliana, E., Rusnoto, & Sukesih. (2025). The Relationship between Sleep Quality, Medication Compliance, and Physical Activity with Blood Sugar Levels of Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Kaliwungu Kudus Health Center. Journal of Tambusai Education, 9, 5926–5937.
Arista, I. G. P., Yasa, I. D. P. G. P., Wedri, N. M., Widastra, I. M., & Rahayu, V. E. S. (2019). Ankle Brachial index (abi) values with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Journal of Nursing Echo, 12(1), 35–43.
Asrulla, Risnita, Jailani, M. S., & Jeka, F. (2023). Population and Sampling (Quantitative), as well as the Selection of Key Informants (Qualitative) in a Practical Approach. 7, 26320–26332.
Aulia, N., & Daryaman, U. (2025). The Relationship between Selfcare and the Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Griya Antapani Health Center. Masada Healthy Journal, 19(1), 890–898.
Bodman, M. A., Dreyer, M. A., & Varacallo, M. A. (2025). Diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
British Columbia Provincial Nursing Skin & Wound Committee with NSWOCs/Wound Clinicians. (2022). Monofilament Testing for Loss of Protective Sensation ( LOPS ): Procedure. March, 1–4.
Cucu, S., & Irna, N. (2024). Application of the concept of theoretical model according to orem in non-hemorrhagic stroke nursing care in the inpatient room. Journal of Future Health, 3(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.53115/19975996_2024_02_083_092
Bone Bolango Regency Health Office. (2025). Internal Data of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Bone Bolango Regency in 2025.
Gorontalo Provincial Health Office. (2025). Internal Data on 10 Diseases in 2025.
Fajriah, A. S., Pian, G. S. I., Lende, V., & Septianingrum, W. (2023). Efforts to prevent non-communicable diseases through Health Life Style. 5(September), 599–604.
Febrinasari, R., Sholikah, T., Pakha, D., & Putra, S. (2020). Diabetes Mellitus Pocket Book for the public. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346495581_BUKU_SAKU_DIABETES_MELITUS_UNTUK_AWAM
Ilmi, M. Z., Abdurrahman, & Abiyoga, A. (2020). The Relationship Between the Length of Suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Incidence of Sensory Neuropathy at the Loa Janan Health Center. Wiyata Journal of Nursing, 1(1), 1–15.
Indriani, S., Amalia, I. N., & Hamidah, H. (2019). The Relationship Between Self Care and the Incidence of Peripheral Neuropathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Cibabat Cimahi Hospital 2018. Bhakti Husada Health Sciences Journal, 10(1), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.34305/jikbh.v10i1.85
International Diabetes Federation. (2017). Eighth edition 2017. In IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition.
Juwaria, T., & Priyanto, A. (2021). The Relationship of Self Care with Blood Sugar Stability in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Journal of Health Sciences, 10(1), 78–85.
Kattang, G., Zainuddin, Z., Yusuf, N. R., & Purwanto, E. (2025). Motivation for Blood Sugar Control of DMT2 Patients by Using the Peer Tutoring Website (Sweetech-DM) at the Suwawa Health Center, Bone Bolango Regency. Mando Care Journal, 4(1), 28–42. https://doi.org/10.55110/mcj.v4i1.217
Letta, S., Aga, F., Assebe Yadeta, T., Geda, B., & Dessie, Y. (2022). Self-care practices and correlates among patients with type 2 diabetes in Eastern Ethiopia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Medicine, 10. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121221107337
Martínez, N., Connelly, C. D., Pérez, A., & Calero, P. (2021). Self-care: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 8(4), 418–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2021.08.007
Maryani, L., Supriadi, Suhamdani, H., Kurnia, A., Wilandika, A., Riyana, A., Widyastuti, D., Nugraha, D., Murtiningsih, Suyati, Sakti, B., Safrudin, M. B., Putro, D. U. H., Xaverius, W. F., Yunus Adhy Prasetyo, Zulkarnain, Syabariyah, S., Suwandewi, A., Sianturi, S. R., ... Sihombing, F. (2025). Basic Concepts of Nursing Textbook (AIPViKI Curriculum 2022) (F. Sihombing (ed.)). CV Eureka Media Aksara. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=7BGREQAAQBAJ
Mirian, A., Aljohani, Z., Grushka, D., & Florendo-Cumbermack, A. (2023). Diagnosis and management of patients with polyneuropathy. CMAJ. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 195(6), E227–E233. https://doi.org/10.1503/CMAJ.220936
Nursamsiah, D., Dinarwulan, Kawuryan, U., & Wuriani. (2025). The Relationship of Fasting Blood Sugar with the Incidence of Neuropathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Journal of Nursing and Health Research, 2(3), 109–114. https://doi.org/10.71203/jrkk.v2i3.37
Orem, D. E. (1971). Nursing: Concepts of Practice. McGraw-Hill. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=xxZtAAAAMAAJ
Orem, D. E. (2001). Nursing Concepts of Practice (6th ed.). Mosby.
Pahria, T., Pitora, T., & Affirmsari, Ek. (2022). Factors that affect self-care in Heart Failure patients. Journal of Forikes Voice Health Research, 13(4), 886–893.
Paisal, A. (2021). Overview of Self Care in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus According to Orem Theory in the Working Area of the Batunadua Health Center, Padangsidimpuan City in 2021. In Journal of Nursing Research.
Pamungkas, R. A., & Usman, A. M. (2021). A Practical Guide to Diabetes and Neuropathy Risk Screening. In I. Listiyawati & K. R. MN (Eds.), Practical Guide to Diabetes and Neuropathy Risk Screening (Vol. 1). CV KHD Production.
Perkeni. (2021). Guidelines for the Management and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia 2021. in the Indonesian Endocrinology Association.
Tilongkabila Health Center. (2025). Internal Data of Diabetes Mellitus Patients at the Tilongkabila Health Center in 2025.
Putri, A. A., Junando, M., & Sukohar, A. (2024). Review Article: Pathophysiology and Pharmacological Therapy of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Geriatric Patients. Medical Sciences, 2(5), 142–147.
Rachman, A., & Dwipayana, I. M. P. (2020). Prevalence and relationship between glycemic control and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type II diabetes mellitus at Sanglah Hospital. Udayana Medical Journal, 32(3), 167–186. https://doi.org/10.24843.MU.2020.V9.i4.P13
Rachmantoko, R., Afif, Z., Rahmawati, D., Rakhmatiar, R., & Nandar Kurniawan, S. (2021). Diabetic Neuropathic Pain. JPHV (Journal of Pain, Vertigo and Headache), 2(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jphv.2021.002.01.3
Rahman, Z. (2023). The Effect of Health Education on Self-Care of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Scientific Journal of Nursing, 9(3), 577–581.
Rizal, R., Shandy, V. R., Rusdi, M. S., & Afriyeni, H. (2024). A Study of Patient Satisfaction with Pharmaceutical Services at the Outpatient Pharmacy of Sungai Dareh Hospital. Journal of Exact Scientific Research and Assessment, 03(02), 58–67.
Saltar, L., Sahar, J., & Rekawati, E. (2023). Self-Care Behavior, Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Symptoms of Peripheral Neuropathy. Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversity, 6(9s SE-Articles), 799–809. https://jrtdd.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1642
Indonesian Health Survey. (2023). Indonesian Health Survey 2023 in Numbers. In Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/hasil-ski-2023/
Susanti, N., Nursalam, & Nadatien, I. (2023). The Effect of Education and Support Group Based on Self Care Theory on Compliance, Independence of Foot Care and Blood Glucose Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. 8(1), 21–29.
Takahashi, K., Takeishi, C., Tsutsumi, C., Nakao, T., Sato, Y., Uchizono, Y., Nunoi, K., Tabira, Y., & Shimizu, Y. (2025). Exploring the relationship between self-care agency and quality of life in adults with diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Plos One, 20(7 July), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326783
Tandra, H. (2020). From Diabetes to Feet (Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 1–9).
Tarihoran, D. M., Samosir, B., & Husada, Stik. N. (2024). The relationship between foot self care and peripheral neuropathy in diabetes mellitus in the working area of the Poriaha Health Center, Central Tapanuli District. Journal of Scientific Horizons, 3(12), 3617–3624.
Tofure, I. R., S, H. L. B., & Eka, A. (2021). Characteristics of Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy at the Neurological Polyclinic of Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon Hospital in 2016-2019. Molucca Medica, 14(2), 97–108.
Wahyuni, N. P. A., Antari, G. A. A., & Yanti, N. L. P. E. (2021). Overview of the Level of Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Wangaya Hospital. Community of Publishing in Nursing (COPING), 9(2), 188–194. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2021.v09.i02.p09.
Waruwu, M. I. S., & Wahyu, A. (2024). A long association of suffering with the incidence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in women of productive age in the working area of the Puskesmas Often Medan Melvin. Excellent Midwifery Journal, 6, 104.
WHO. (2024a). Diabetes. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes
WHO. (2024b). Noncommunicable diseases. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases
Zuliana, E., Rusnoto, & Sukesih. (2025). The Relationship between Sleep Quality, Medication Compliance, and Physical Activity with Blood Sugar Levels of Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Kaliwungu Kudus Health Center. Journal of Tambusai Education, 9, 5926–5937.
Published
2026-02-10
How to Cite
Nanda Ariesta Aprilia Abas, Ita Sulistiani Basir, & Erwin Purwanto. (2026). Relationship of Self-Care Based on Orem Theory to the Risk of Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetic Patients Type 2 Mellitus at the Tilongkabila Health Center. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 8(1). https://doi.org/10.56338/ijhess.v8i1.10394
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Nanda Ariesta Aprilia Abas, Ita Sulistiani Basir , Erwin Purwanto
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