Antara Nilai, Citra Diri dan Sunyi: Tantangan Kesehatan Mental Remaja dari Lensa Psikologi Pendidikan
Between Values, Self-Image, and Silence: Adolescent Mental Health Challenges from the Lens of Educational Psychology
Keywords:
Kesehatan Mental Remaja, Citra Diri, Tekanan Sosial, Psikologi Pendidikan
Abstract
Masa remaja merupakan fase krusial dalam pembentukan identitas, harga diri, dan kesejahteraan psikologis individu. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana tekanan sosial, citra diri, dan rasa kesepian memengaruhi kondisi kesehatan mental remaja, khususnya dalam konteks pendidikan Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui metode kajian pustaka, penelitian ini menelaah berbagai literatur dan data empiris yang relevan dalam lima tahun terakhir. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tekanan akademik, ekspektasi sosial, dan representasi ideal di media sosial berkontribusi pada munculnya gangguan mental seperti depresi, kecemasan, dan gangguan makan di kalangan remaja. Ketidakmampuan sistem pendidikan dalam merespons isu-isu psikososial secara sistematis memperburuk kondisi tersebut. Pendekatan psikologi pendidikan, khususnya teori humanistik, ekologi perkembangan, dan pembelajaran sosial-emosional, dipandang mampu memberikan kontribusi dalam membangun intervensi yang lebih empatik, inklusif, dan kontekstual. Kajian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya reformulasi strategi pendidikan yang memperkuat literasi kesehatan mental, sistem pendampingan psikologis, serta integrasi nilai empati dan refleksi diri dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah.
References
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Rodgers, R. F., McLean, S. A., & Paxton, S. J. (2020). Longitudinal associations among internalization of appearance ideals, self-objectification, and body dissatisfaction among. adolescent girls. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49(6), 1167–1178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01155-3
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Vankerckhoven, L., Raemen, L., Claes, L., Eggermont, S., Palmeroni, N., & Luyckx, K. (2023). Correction: Identity Formation, Body Image, and Body-Related Symptoms: Developmental Trajectories and Associations Throughout Adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 52(5), 1114–1114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01760-3
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Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Design. Harvard University Press.
Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. (2002). Body Image: A Handbook of Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice. Guilford Press.
Cacioppo, J. T., & Hawkley, L. C. (2009). Perceived social isolation and cognition. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 13(10), 447–454.
Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A. B., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta?analysis of school?based universal interventions. Child development, 82(1), 405-432. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01564.x
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.Neumark-Sztainer, D., Wall, M., Guo, J., Story, M., Haines, J., & Eisenberg, M. (2006). Obesity, disordered eating, and eating disorders in a longitudinal study of adolescents: How do dieters fare 5 years later? Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106(4), 559–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.01.003
Febriyanti, O., Mulyana, T., & Miftahudin, M. (2024). Pengaruh Media Sosial terhadap Kepercayaan Diri Remaja di Kota Cimahi. Jurnal Konseling Indonesia, 12(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.62383/hukum.v1i4.32
Festinger, L. (1954). A Theory of Social Comparison Processes. Human Relations, 7(2), 117–140.
Felensia, A., & Sokang, Y. (2025). Pengaruh Internalization Body Image terhadap Body Dissatisfaction Remaja Pengguna Instagram. Jurnal Innovative, 8(1), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v5i4.20000
Hatano, K., Sugimura, K., Crocetti, E., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2020). Diverse?and?Dynamic Pathways in Educational and Interpersonal Identity Formation during Adolescence: Longitudinal Links With Psychosocial Functioning. Child Development, 91(4), 1203–1218. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13301
Kidger, J., Araya, R., Donovan, J., & Gunnell, D. (2012). The effect of the school environment on the emotional health of adolescents: A systematic review. Pediatrics, 129(5), 925-949. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-2248
Kutsyuruba, B., Klinger, D. A., & Hussain, A. (2015). Relationships among school climate, school safety, and student achievement and well-being: A review of the literature. Review of Education, 3(2), 103–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/rev3.3043
Lestari, D. A., & Yuliyanti, T. (2022). Hubungan antara Body Image dengan Kepercayaan Diri pada Remaja Putri di SMAN 1 Palembang. Jurnal Psikologi Insight, 4(1), 30–39. https://doi.org/10.32502/insight.v4i1.4573
Marsh, H. W., & Craven, R. G. (2006). Reciprocal effects of self-concept and performance from a multidimensional perspective: Beyond seductive pleasure and unidimensional perspectives. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(2), 133–163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00010.x
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Rhodes, R. E., Brussoni, M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson, L. J., ... & Tremblay, M. S. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth mental health: A meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 176(9), 939–948. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.2068
O'Reilly, M., Svirydzenka, N., Adams, S., & Dogra, N. (2018). Review of mental health promotion interventions in schools. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 53(7), 647-662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-018-1530-1
Patalay, P., & Fitzsimons, E. (2018). Mental ill-health among children of the new century: Trends across childhood with a focus on age 14. Centre for Longitudinal Studies. https://cls.ucl.ac.uk
Pham, M. D., Wulan, N. R., Sawyer, S. M., Agius, P. A., Fisher, J., Tran, T., Medise, B. E., Devaera, Y., Riyanti, A., Ansariadi, A., Cini, K., Kennedy, E., Wiweko, B., Luchters, S., Kaligis, F., Wiguna, T., & Azzopardi, P. S. (2024). Mental Health Problems Among Indonesian Adolescents: Findings of a Cross-Sectional Study Utilizing Validated Scales and Innovative
Putri, K. I., & Iskandar, R. (2025). Literasi Digital dan Tantangan Identitas Remaja di Era Media Sosial. Jurnal Merdeka Belajar, 3(2), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.62017/merdeka.v2i6.4979
Rogers, C. R. (1969). Freedom to learn: A view of what education might become. Columbus, OH: Charles Merrill.
Rogers, C. R. (1961). On Becoming a Person: A Therapist’s View of Psychotherapy. Houghton Mifflin.
Rodgers, R. F., McLean, S. A., & Paxton, S. J. (2020). Longitudinal associations among internalization of appearance ideals, self-objectification, and body dissatisfaction among. adolescent girls. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49(6), 1167–1178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01155-3
Sabrina, K. N., Syakarofath, N. A., Karmiyati, D., & Widyasari, D. C. (2022). Loneliness dan Internalizing Problems Remaja. Psychopolytan: Jurnal Psikologi, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.36341/psi.v5i2.2337
Sidabutar, N., & Reflina, R. (2022). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Matematika SMA dengan Aplikasi Animaker pada Materi Vektor. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 6(2), 1374-1386. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v6i2.1362
Sink, C. A. (2005). Contemporary school counseling: Theory, research, and practice. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Sampling Methods. Journal of Adolescent Health, 75(6), 929–938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.07.016
Syazaid, A., Zanna, E. M., Ghonniyyu, D. H., Shofiyyah, H., Jannah, F. M., Zafira, S. D., … & Nabila, I. (2023). Pengaruh citra tubuh terhadap kepercayaan diri pada remaja putri. Journal of Communication and Social Sciences, 1(2), 66–71. https://doi.org/10.61994/jcss.v1i2.126
Vankerckhoven, L., Raemen, L., Claes, L., Eggermont, S., Palmeroni, N., & Luyckx, K. (2023). Correction: Identity Formation, Body Image, and Body-Related Symptoms: Developmental Trajectories and Associations Throughout Adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 52(5), 1114–1114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01760-3
World Health Organization. (2021). Adolescent mental health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health4
Ziliwu, T. F., Alexander, N., Jesslyn, C., Sary, N. P., & Putra, A. I. D. (2025). Hubungan Intensitas Penggunaan Media Sosial dengan Loneliness pada Siswa SMP. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 6(6). https://doi.org/10.59141/japendi.v6i6.7931
