Produksi Kombucha Teh Hitam Menggunakan Jenis Pemanis dan Lama Fermentasi Berbeda
Black Tea Kombucha Production Using Different Type of Sweetener and Fermentation Time
Abstract
Kombucha adalah produk minuman fermentasi yang mengandung sejumlah vitamin, mineral, enzim, dan asam organic yang diketahui memiliki banyak manfaat bagi Kesehatan. Bahan utama pembuatan kombucha umumnya adalah teh hijau dan hitam. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, pengembangan produk kombucha telah banyak dilakukan untuk meningkatkan nilai tambahnya. Adapun jenis dan umlah substrat, berupa gula, dan kultur kombucha simbiotik yang digunakan dalam fermentasi bervariasi dan akan mempengaruhi kualitas dari produk akhir. Selain itu waktu fermentasi juga akan mempengaruhi kualitas dari produk yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari proses pembuatan kombucha teh hitam dengan jenis pemanis dan lama fermentasi berbeda terhadap karakteristik berupa warna, viskositas, pH dan terutama tingkat kesukaan konsumen. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) menggunakan 2 faktor yaitu jenis pemanis dan lama fermentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, jenis pemanis berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai L* dan a*, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai b*, viskositas dan pH. Sedangkan lama fermentasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh parameter tersebut. Produk Kombucha dengan jenis pemanis gula dengan lama fermentasi memiliki rata-rata tingkat kesukaan tertinggi untuk parameter warna (5.60), aroma (5.08), rasa (4.80) dengan kadar vitamin C 0.95%. Namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan kombucha yang menggunakan pemanis madu dan lama fermentasi 8 hari dengan kadar vitamin C 1.89%. Kedua jenis kombucha ini diketahui memiliki aktivitas antimikroba untuk bakteri Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E.Coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus.
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