Pasta Udang dan Cemaran Logam Berat : Pasar Global, Risiko Kesehatan dan Regulasi Keamanan

Setyaning; Lingga Gita Dwikasari; Zuhdiyah Matienatul Iemaaniah; Lalu Unsunnidhal

doi:10.56338/jks.v9i7.11370

Authors

Setyaning Pawestri
Lingga Universitas Mataram
Zuhdi Universitas Mataram
Unsun Universitas Mataram

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56338/jks.v9i7.11370

Keywords:

pasta udang, keamanan pangan, bioakumulasi, logam berat, keamanan panga

Abstract

Pasta udang merupakan produk fermentasi tradisional dari udang atau krill yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi di pasar global, dengan proyeksi mencapai USD 500 juta pada tahun 2025. Namun, di balik peluang pasar tersebut, terdapat tantangan serius terkait cemaran logam berat pada produk akhir diakibatkan bahan utama yang digunakan. Spesies udang seperti Penaeus vannamei dan Penaeus monodon diketahui mengakumulasi logam berat seperti kadmium (Cd), timbal (Pb), arsenik (As), dan merkuri (Hg), sehingga terasi dapat menjadi jalur paparan bagi manusia. Kajian literatur ini menggunakan basis data ilmiah (Sinta, ResearchGate, PubMed, Wiley, ScienceDirect) dengan kata kunci terpilih. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat dalam jaringan udang sering melebihi kadar lingkungan, dengan variasi distribusi menurut jenis logam dan jaringan. Paparan logam berat menimbulkan risiko kesehatan kronis seperti nefrotoksisitas, neurotoksisitas, dan karsinogenisitas. Regulasi internasional (Codex, EU, FDA, MHLW Jepang) serta regulasi nasional (BPOM, SNI) menetapkan ambang batas logam berat untuk menjamin keamanan pangan. Kajian ini pentingnya pengawasan, kontrol kualitas, dan penerapan regulasi ketat untuk mempertahankan daya saing produk pasta udang di perdagangan global.

Author Biographies

Lingga, Universitas Mataram

llmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram, Mataram

Zuhdi, Universitas Mataram

Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia

Unsun, Universitas Mataram

llmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia

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