Pengaruh Edukasi Skala Nyeri Numeric Rating Scale terhadap Pengetahuan NRS pada Pasien Anestesi Spinal di RSUD Brebes
The Effect of Numeric Rating Scale Pain Scale Education on Knowledge of NRS Among Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia at RSUD Brebes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56338/jks.v9i8.11744Keywords:
Anestesi Spinal; Edukasi Numeric Rating Scale; Manajemen Nyeri; Pengetahuan; Skala Nyeri Numeric Rating Scale, Spinal anesthesia; Numeric Rating Scale education; Pain management; Knowledge; Numeric Rating Scale pain scaleAbstract
Nyeri pascaoperasi merupakan salah satu keluhan yang umum dialami pasien setelah menjalani tindakan pembedahan dan dapat memengaruhi proses pemulihan apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi skala nyeri Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) terhadap tingkat pengetahuan nyeri pada pasien yang menjalani anestesi spinal di RSUD Brebes. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode pre-experimental design melalui rancangan pretest-posttest with one group. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 50 responden pasien yang menjalani anestesi spinal di RSUD Brebes yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling, dan penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 10-22 April 2026. Sebelum diberikan intervensi edukasi, sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan pada kategori cukup (60%) dan kategori kurang (22%). Setelah diberikan edukasi, terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan, dengan 82% responden berada pada kategori baik dan tidak terdapat lagi responden dalam kategori kurang. Analisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test menunjukkan nilai p-value p < 0,001 (p < 0,05) yang mengindikasikan adanya pengaruh signifikan dari edukasi NRS terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan nyeri pasien. Karakteristik responden didominasi perempuan (76%), pendidikan terakhir SMA (48%), tidak memiliki riwayat operasi sebelumnya (56%), dan berada pada rentang usia 20-35 tahun (72%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi skala nyeri NRS efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman pasien, mendukung komunikasi yang lebih baik antara pasien dan tenaga kesehatan, serta berkontribusi pada manajemen nyeri yang optimal.
ABSTRACT
Postoperative pain is one of the most common complaints experienced by patients after undergoing surgery and may affect the recovery process if not properly managed. This study aimed to examine the effect of Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) education on pain-related knowledge among patients undergoing spinal anesthesia at Brebes Regional General Hospital. Employing a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design, the study involved 50 surgical patients selected through purposive sampling, and was conducted from April 10 to 22, 2026. Initial assessments revealed that most participants had suboptimal knowledge of pain measurement, with 60% categorized as sufficient and 22% as insufficient. Following the educational intervention, a significant shift was observed: 82% of respondents achieved a good knowledge rating, with no participants remaining in the insufficient category. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test yielded a p-value of p < 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating that NRS education significantly improves patient knowledge. Demographic data showed the group was predominantly female (76%) and aged 20-35 years (72%); 48% were high school graduates and 56% had no prior surgical history. These findings suggest that targeted NRS education is an effective strategy for enhancing patient literacy regarding pain, facilitating clearer communication with healthcare providers, and ultimately contributing to more effective postoperative pain management.
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