Peran Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam Meningkatkan Proses Penyelidikan Kasus Kriminal di Ditreskrimum Polda Kalimantan Selatan
The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Improving Criminal Case Investigations at the Criminal Investigation Directorate of the South Kalimantan Regional Police
Abstract
Penelitian ini menganalisis peran, tantangan, risiko etis, dan implikasi hukum penggunaan Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam proses penyelidikan tindak pidana di Direktorat Reserse Kriminal Umum (Ditreskrimum) Polda Kalimantan Selatan. Menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terhadap 12 penyidik dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa AI digunakan secara terbatas, dominan untuk fungsi administratif (penyusunan laporan), bukan analisis substantif. Kapasitas SDM masih pada tingkat dasar hingga menengah, dan frekuensi penggunaan rendah. Kendala utama adalah ketiadaan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP), kurangnya pelatihan, serta data yang tidak lengkap. Meskipun AI diakui meningkatkan efisiensi dan membantu menemukan pola sulit, hasilnya belum signifikan meningkatkan kualitas yuridis berkas perkara. Tingkat kepercayaan terhadap AI moderat, dan seluruh penyidik melakukan verifikasi manual. Regulasi saat ini dinilai tidak memadai, dan terdapat konsensus kuat (100% responden) untuk perlunya regulasi khusus yang mengatur batasan penggunaan, perlindungan data, dan pertanggungjawaban hukum. Kesimpulannya, AI berpotensi besar namun implementasinya menghadapi kesenjangan tata kelola yang memerlukan intervensi kebijakan komprehensif.
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