Promotif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat

Antibiotic Resistance in Cases of Bacterial Meningitis: Literature Review

Warihan Unok, Ratna Devi, Fanindya Hadamu, M. Sabir Mangawing, Ary Anggara — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Meningitis is an infectious disease that attacks the cerebral membrane or swallows. Meningite is among the ten most dangerous diseases in the world. The disease can affect both children and adults. The cause of this disease can be bacteria, viruses, fungi, or aseptic. Most cases of viral meningitis usually heal themselves and are not fatal, but in severe cases, such as bacterial, biased, life-threatening.

Methods: Articles related to bacterial meningitis taken from databases like Google Scholar, Pubmed and Portal Garuda over the last 5 years (2020- 2024). Use keywords: "Bacterial meningitis", "symptoms", "therapy", "antibiotic resistance

Results: Based on studies that have been carried out, antibiotic resistance rates in cases of bacterial meningitis are very high and vary. Streptococcus pneumonia as one of the most common causes has high levels of resistance to antibiotics of the penicillin group.

Conclusion: With the growing number of rapid, reliable and accurate diagnostics and follow-up examinations, it can cope with the incidence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial meningitis.

Ethical Dilemma in Vaccination in Indonesia: Balance Between Public Health Obligations and Individual Autonomy Rights.

A. Ikram Rifqi, Hertiana, Yulinda Novita Tubuon, Hariani, Siti Rahma, Indar — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Vaccination is a biological product containing antigens that actively stimulate specific immunity against certain diseases. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, high vaccination coverage among children in Indonesia played a critical role in reducing morbidity from vaccine-preventable diseases. However, the pandemic disrupted the national immunization program, as UNICEF reports highlighted a decline in vaccination coverage due to mobility restrictions and parental concerns over COVID-19 exposure. This decline increased the risk of outbreaks of preventable diseases such as measles and diphtheria. The ethical dilemma of vaccination arises between the public health obligation to prevent disease spread and the individual autonomy to make personal health decisions, including vaccination. This study aims to identify the ethical challenges of vaccination in Indonesia, analyze the factors influencing public attitudes toward vaccines, and provide policy recommendations.

Method: A literature review methodology was employed, encompassing articles in both Indonesian and English languages, with keywords including "vaccination ethics," "individual autonomy," "public health obligations," and "Indonesia."

Result: The study findings highlight the tension between government efforts to achieve herd immunity and individual rights, as well as challenges in vaccine distribution in remote areas.

Conclusion: In conclusion, vaccination policies in Indonesia should prioritize balancing public health interests and individual rights, emphasizing public education and strengthening vaccine distribution infrastructure.

Ethical and Legal Analysis of Child Disease Epidemiology Due to Environmental Exposure: A Systematic Literature Review

Nur Hamdani Nur, Milda, Sitti Arifah, Yeni Paramata, Indar — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Children are the most vulnerable group affected by environmental exposure, such as air pollution, contaminated water, chemicals, and heavy metals. This exposure increases the risk of respiratory, neurological disorders, and developmental delays, with both short-term and long-term impacts extending into adulthood. Recent studies have shown a high prevalence of diseases related to these exposures, such as asthma, neurological developmental delays, and cancer at young ages, emphasizing the need for a deeper science-based approach. However, the ethical and legal aspects of preventing and controlling environmental exposure remain insufficiently discussed in the scientific literature.

Methods: This study uses a systematic literature review approach to analyze the relationship between environmental exposure and child disease epidemiology, focusing on ethical and legal dimensions. Relevant journal articles from 2015 to 2024 were reviewed through various databases using specific keywords and Boolean operators. Inclusion criteria included studies discussing child disease epidemiology and ethical or legal analyses related to environmental exposure.

Results: The analysis indicates that ethical frameworks and legal regulations are crucial in ensuring the protection of children from environmental exposure risks. Developed countries have stricter regulations but often face challenges in implementation. In contrast, developing countries need more integrated policies informed by epidemiological research. A global approach and international collaboration are crucial to addressing the cross-border impacts of environmental contamination.

Adherence to Fluid Restriction in Hemodialysis Patients at RSUD Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno Kota Surakarta

Irma Mustika Sari, Erika Dewi Noorratri, Dian Setyawan — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Excessive fluid intake due to non-adherence leads to a decreased quality of life in hemodialysis (HD) patients and even death. The increasing incidence of chronic kidney failure is a progressive condition affecting more than 10% of the global population, or over 800 million people. One of the common problems faced by hemodialysis patients is non-adherence to fluid intake restrictions. This non-adherence can lead to fluid overload in the body, resulting in complications of chronic kidney disease. The objective of this study is to identify the most influential factors affecting the adherence of hemodialysis patients to fluid restriction.

Method: The research method employed a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using Kendall's tau test

Result: Kendall’s tau analysis indicated that while there was no significant relationship between age, marital status, and fluid adherence, there were significant correlations between gender, education level, occupation, and duration of hemodialysis and fluid adherence.

Conclusion: Gender, education level, occupation, and duration of hemodialysis were significantly associated with fluid adherence among hemodialysis patients at RSUD Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno Surakarta.

The Influence of Ludo Edutainment Media in the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse at Pao-Pao Elementary School, Gowa Regency

Aswadi, Sukfitrianty Syahrir, Roza Qoni Hadza — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Child sexual abuse is one of the most serious public health issues faced by children across all cultures and societies. Several studies have shown that edutainment is an effective strategy to influence awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to health. Assessing the impact of Edutainment media Ludo in the prevention of sexual abuse of children at Pao-Pao Elementary School, Gowa Regency.

Method: The research method used is experimental research with a pre-experimental design. The study is based on primary data obtained directly through pre-test and post-test questionnaires, and secondary data obtained from case reports from the South Sulawesi Regional Police, LPA (Child Protection Agency), as well as data from P2TP2A (Integrated Service Center for Women and Children Victims of Violence).

Result: The results of statistical analysis show that there is a difference in knowledge before and after the intervention related to sexual abuse of children, with a p-value < 0.05 (0.002). There is a difference in attitudes before and after the Edutainment media Ludo intervention, with a t-value of 5.447 and a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. There is also a difference in children's skills before and after the Edutainment media Ludo intervention, with a t-value of 2.561 and a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05.

Conclusion: There is an effect of local-language Edutainment media on children's knowledge, attitudes, and skills towards the prevention of sexual violence against children at Pao-Pao Elementary School, Gowa Regency.

The Impact of Hospital Administration Service Quality on Patient Satisfaction of Health Insurance Agencies: A Cross-Sectional Study

Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Service quality is very closely related to patient satisfaction. One of the reasons for the progress of a hospital is influenced by its attitude or nature or the hospital's ability to serve its patients. This study aims to analyze the impact of the quality of hospital administration services on patient satisfaction of health insurance agencies at the Outpatient Installation of Pintu Padang Regional General Hospital, South Tapanuli Regency.

Methods: Type of observational research with a cross-sectional study design. This research was carried out at the Outpatient Installation of the Pintu Padang Regional General Hospital. The population and sample are all patients who received treatment in November 2024, as many as 135 people. Data collection was carried out using a research questionnaire. Sampling techniques with exhaustive sampling and data analysis using chi-square and logistic regression.

Results: This study proved that the speed of administrative services (p=0.001), friendliness, and attitude of administrative staff (p=0.001) affected patient satisfaction.

Conclusion: The quality of administrative services in hospitals has a significant effect on BPJS patient satisfaction, especially in terms of speed, clarity, and staff friendliness. It is recommended that hospitals improve the efficiency of administration and staff training. Subsequent research should involve a broader sample and consider other factors that affect patient satisfaction.

Evaluation of Nutritional Interventions in Overcoming Chronic Energy Deficiency in Pregnant Women: A Case Study

Yuni Feprina, Anto J. Hadi, Haslinah Ahmad — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnant women is one of the public health problems that can hurt the health of the mother and fetus. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional interventions in overcoming Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnant women through a case study in one of the health centers in the Padangsidimpuan City area.

Methods: A qualitative study with a case study design involving pregnant women with nutritional status with Chronic Energy Deficiency who received nutritional interventions over three months. This data was collected at the Padangmatinggi Health Center through in-depth interviews involving four primary informants and seven triangulation informants, which included document analysis and data analysis.

Results: This study proves that the input aspects, namely sources of funds, infrastructure, forms of services, and supplementary feeding materials, are by the instructions, while the goals and human resources are not by the Supplementary Feeding Guidelines. It is appropriate for the planning, implementation, and recording process, but there are obstacles due to the uncertain dropping from the center. The increase in the size of the upper arm circumference is an output of the supplementary feeding program for pregnant women, but in reality, the cases of Chronic Energy Deficiency are still high.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the administration of supplementary feeding can only be monitored until distribution to pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency, but consumption monitoring has not been carried out. This study suggests the importance of nutrition intervention programs integrated with health services at the health center level to reduce the prevalence of chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women and encourage healthier diets.

Factors Causing Work Accidents in Public Transportation Drivers: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nayodi Permayasa, Asdi Lastari, Rika Apripan, Anto J. Hadi — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Driving safety is an important factor in driving, especially for public transportation drivers. However, work pressures such as time targets, economic demands, and overwork can increase the risk of accidents. To analyze the factors that cause work accidents in public transportation drivers in Padangsidimpuan.

Methods: Type of observational research with a cross-sectional study design. This research was carried out in the city of Padangsidimpuan. The population and sample are all city transportation drivers, as many as 145. A research questionnaire was carried out for data collection. Sampling techniques with exhaustive sampling and data analysis using chi-square and logistic regression.

Results: This study proved that the length of working hours (p=0.001), smoking habits (p=0.001), compliance with the use of driving safety equipment (p=0.001), and health status (p=0.001) were the factors causing work accidents in public transportation drivers. At the same time, the most significant variable is the length of working hours Exp. (B)= 42.691.

Conclusion: This study concludes that most work accidents occur due to unsupportive driver factors. Based on these findings, it is recommended that it is important to monitor the driver's physical condition regularly, provide adequate rest guarantees, and pay attention to his health factors.

Work Environment and Fatigue Factors on Public Transportation Driver Productivity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Padangsidimpuan City

Asdi Lastari, Nayodi Permayasa, Dewi Arjuna Putri Pan Harahap, Anto J. Hadi — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Public transportation plays a vital role in supporting community mobility in Padangsidimpuan City, one of the cities located in North Sumatera Province. As a city with a relatively high urbanization rate and growing population density, the need for efficient public transportation is becoming increasingly urgent. Public transportation supports daily transportation needs and facilitates the community's economic, educational, and social activities. To analyze the factors of work environment and fatigue on the productivity of public transportation drivers in the city of Padangsidimpuan.

Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The population and sample consisted of 145 city transportation public transportation drivers. The sampling technique used is total sampling (exhaustive sampling), and data analysis is carried out using chi-square tests and logistic regression.

Results: The study showed that vehicle condition (p=0.001), road condition (p=0.001), noise level (p=0.001), and fatigue (p=0.001) were related to the productivity of public transportation drivers. At the same time, the most related variable is Exp. (B)= 29,649 road conditions.

Conclusion: This study concludes that work environment factors, such as noise, road conditions, and fatigue, have a significant effect on the productivity of public transportation drivers in Padangsidimpuan City. Improving road conditions, managing noise, and reducing fatigue can increase driver productivity.

Associations Between Cooking Fuel Exposure and Acute Respiratory Infection Symptoms in Children Under 5 Years

Diga Areta, Budi Haryanto — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) has emerged as a significant public health issue due to its status as the primary cause of illness and death among children under the age of 5.

Methods: This study analyses the association between exposure of cooking fuel and risk factors for acute respiratory infection symptoms in children under 5 years of age. A cross-sectional approach using the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey data. The data were analysed using logistic regression.

Results: Results of the study show that among 5473 households, 26% of children under 5 years old experience symptoms of ARI. In the final result of the multivariate analysis, cooking fuel was not significantly associated with ARI. ARI was significantly associated with poor wealth index (aOR = 0,9; CI 95% = 0,73?1,01) and unimproved drinking water sources (aOR = 1,3; CI 95% =1,03-1,52).

Conclusion: This study is expected to be a consideration for the government to immediately intervene for households with insufficient living habits and poor household sanitation. Also, increasing family awareness related to the risk of ARI in children under 5 years old.

The Effect of Fried Bean Consumption on Milk Production in Postpartum Primigravida Mothers at the Lakessi Health Center, Parepare City in 2024

Arifa Usman, Arini Purnamasari, Rismawati, Rosdiana, Andi Misnawati — Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Fried beans are very high in protein and unsaturated fats. Protein is very good to help the mother's birth scar heal quickly. Then the fat content between postpartum mothers who consume fried beans and those who do not consume fried beans to milk production will also help how to make milk come out a lot after giving birth so that mothers do not need to use supplements or lactation massage

Methods: This study used a quantitative type of research. The design used in this study is a quasy experiment design using the pre test and post test nonequivalent control group approach.

Results: This study showed that the feeding of fried beans on the breast milk production of postpartum mothers had.

Conclusion: This study concluded that there is an effect of feeding fried beans on the breast milk production of primigravida postpartum mothers in the working area of the Lakes Health Center in Parepare City in 2024.