Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI)

Impact of Cigarette Access and Pocket Money on Adolescent Smoking in Rural and Urban Padang City

Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Referring to the results of the Indonesian Health Survey, it was reported that the largest group of smokers were adolescents aged 15-19 years (56.5%) in 2023. There was an increase in the percentage of novice smokers in Padang City in 2024 which reached 49%. So it is necessary to carry out appropriate handling. One of them is by conducting this study to determine the effect of cigarette access and pocket money on adolescent smoking behaviour in urban and rural areas.

Method: This quantitative study involved a comparative cross-sectional design conducted in Padang City. Involving adolescents aged 16-19 years in rural and urban areas of Padang City conducted accross April-June 2024. A total of 106 adolescents enrolled as samples and data were collected through filling out questionnaires. Ethical approval was obtained from the research ethics committee team of the Faculty of Public Health, Andalas University, and approval was given by issuing a permit letter.

Results: The primary outcome of the study suggest that ease of access to smoking has a strong influence in determining the difference of adolescent smoking behaviour in rural and urban areas Sig= 0.002 (p<0.005). Rural areas also produce more smokers than urban areas (67.9%) with a significant relationship to adolescent smoking behaviour (p= 0.002).

Conclusion: In conclusion, our study contributes to the prevention of adolescent smoking behavior that parents and communities can implement and suggests policies that can restrict it within the scope of the social environment. Future studies should address differences in adolescent smoking behavior based on the involvement of health workers. And using the mixed method so that the data produced can be more representative which ultimately advances knowledge in the field of international health.

Evaluating Safety Culture Maturity in Indonesian Petrochemical Industry to Strengthen Occupational Health Systems

Putu Nadi Astuti, Zulkifli Djunaidi, Arifah Alfiyyah — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the maturity of safety culture implementation across petrochemical companies in Indonesia. By using a mixed-methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of occupational health and safety risks in high-hazard industries. The petrochemical sector being prone to workplace accidents and process related to incidents. The objective was to identify the maturity level of safety practices and highlight priority areas for improvement, addressing gaps in existing literature on safety culture measurement in industrial settings.

Methods: This cross-sectional mixed-methods study involved surveys and observations conducted across 10 petrochemical companies in 2024. A total of 513 participants were enrolled, and data were collected through validated questionnaires, plant visits, and document reviews. Ethical approval was obtained from the Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia and participants provided informed consent.

Results: The primary outcome of the study was the maturity level of safety culture, which most respondents rated as “Generative.” Based on company type significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in commitment. While other variables such as information, organizational learning, employee participation, and communication showed no significant differences. There were no significant differences based on industry type and role type for each variable. The findings from qualitative method indicate that most companies have implemented both national safety standards namely SMK3 (Occupational Health and Safety Management System) and international systems (including ISO 45001, OSHA PSM, ILO PSM, and Responsible Care).

Conclusion: In conclusion, the importance of a mature safety culture in supporting occupational health and safety practices and highlights the need for continuous improvement in workplace safety systems. Future studies should explore interventions that strengthen these dimensions, helping reduce occupational risks in the petrochemical industry.

Association Between Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, and BMI with Hypertension Among Rural Indonesian Farmers: A Cross Sectional Study Using a Nutritional Ecology Perspective

Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Hypertension is a major non-communicable disease with a high prevalence in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas. Although farmers are generally engaged in physical labor, lifestyle factors such as unhealthy dietary patterns and poor nutritional status may contribute to elevated blood pressure. The existing literature has yet to fully integrate dietary patterns, physical activity, and BMI within a nutritional ecology framework to understand hypertension among rural farming populations; this study addresses that gap.This study aimed to analyze the association between dietary patterns, physical activity, and Body Mass Index/BMI (nutritional status) with hypertension among farmers in Kanreapia Village, Indonesia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 908 farmers aged 35–59 years, selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected via structured interviews and measurements of blood pressure and anthropometry. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate (Chi-Square test), and multivariate analysis using logistic regression.

Results: The prevalence of hypertension among respondents was 51.2%. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between age, smoking habits, risky dietary patterns (such as consumption of salty foods, grilled foods, processed meats, and instant noodles), and BMI with hypertension (p< 0.05). However, multivariate analysis identified only nutritional status (BMI) as significantly associated with hypertension (p < 0.001; OR = 0.41; CI: 0.508–0.809). Other variables were not statistically significant, including salty food consumption (OR = 0.999; CI: 0.758–1.316), grilled foods (OR = 0.963; CI: 0.613–1.514), processed meat/chicken/fish with preservatives (OR = 1.202; CI: 0.774–1.866), instant foods (OR = 0.957; CI: 0.729–1.255), and fruit consumption as a fiber source (OR = 1.124; CI: 0.847–1.491).

Conclusion: Nutritional status is the main determinant of hypertension among farmers, even though risky dietary patterns and physical activity showed significant associations in bivariate analysis. Public health interventions focusing on weight management and nutrition education are essential to reduce hypertension risk in rural farming communities.

The Qualitative Study of the Phenomenon of Premarital Sex: Between Expectations and Reality Among Adolescents in Banjarmasin

Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Premarital sex has become an increasingly concerning issue, particularly in the context of social and health aspects. This study to delve deeper into the factors influencing premarital sexual behaviour among adolescents and its impacts on their physical and social health.

Methods: This study employ’s a qualitative phenomenological design using a bracketing approach to capture the phenomenon purely and objectively from the informant's perspectives, with sampling conducted through a snowball technique involving four participants aged 15 to 19 years.

Results: The results indicated that the flocking phenomenon and an overestimated perception of peers are the main factors driving adolescents to engage in premarital sexual relationships, which they perceive as a demonstration of love towards their partners.

Conclusion: This study recommends the need for enhanced education on values, norms, and the preservation of Eastern culture that is comprehensive, along with parental involvement in educating their children to face these challenges more effectively. By understanding this phenomenon, it is hoped that effective solutions can be found to reduce the risks and negative impacts of premarital sex.

Balinese Nurses and the Multifaceted Role Burden: A Qualitative Exploration

Ni Luh Putu Dian Yunita Sari, Luh Putu Widiastini, I Putu Artha Wijaya — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Female nurses in Bali face several challenges after marriage, including cultural expectations, domestic responsibilities, and professional demands in the workplace. This may be a risk factor for physical and psychological problems. This study aimed to determine the perspectives of female Balinese nurses on their triple roles, so it contribute to existing literature on gender roles and nursing in patriarchal.

Methods: This study uses a qualitative methodology underpinned by a phenomenological framework. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews and subjected to a systematic analysis involving transcription, thematic categorization, and processing using N-Vivo 12 software. The population in this study consisted of Balinese Hindu women who worked as nurses. Participants were determined using a purposive sampling technique with the following inclusion criteria: willing to be a participant, able to speak Indonesian, a nurse, as a housewife and already having children, working with a shift system or clearly scheduled (at least 40 hours/week), and active in traditional activities. The exclusion criterion was Balinese women with cognitive, mental, and verbal communication disorders. Twelve participants were interviewed until data saturation was reached. This study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of Stikes Bina Usada Bali (Approval Number: 082/EA/KEPK-BUB-2025). All participants provided informed consent before participating in the study.

Results: This research resulted in 6 themes, namely adaptation process, challenges as a Balinese' woman, perceived complaints, strategies to balance roles as Balinese women, support received, and feeling as a Balinese' woman. Participants explained their perspectives and experiences in balancing roles at home, as workers, and as part of Balinese society. Their multiple roles have led to physical and psychological complaints. However, some participants also revealed that there is support from the environment and positive affirmation that being a married Balinese woman is pride, because it is strong and awesome.

Conclusion: This study uncovered six themes that deeply describe what Balinese female nurses experience and feel. These results are expected to help community nurses take strategic steps in providing nursing care to a special aggregate, namely, working women in the Balinese community.

Community-Based Sociodemographic Determinants of Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study from Central Java, Indonesia

Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Breast cancer remains a major global health concern, with disparities in treatment outcomes often rooted in social inequalities. Sociodemographic factors such as education, economic status, social support, and healthcare access play critical roles in influencing how patients respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Understanding these determinants is essential for designing effective, community-based health promotion strategies that address health disparities. This study aimed to examine the influence of sociodemographic factors on breast cancer patients’ response to NAC and to explore implications for community health promotion.

Method: A retrospective quantitative study was conducted on 144 breast cancer patients who received NAC at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Gombong, a secondary-level healthcare facility in Central Java, Indonesia. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 28. Data on education level, economic status, social support (assessed via the MOS Social Support Survey), and healthcare access (measured by distance to facility) were collected. Treatment responses were categorized as complete, partial, or progressive. Statistical analysis involved chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and multinomial logistic regression to determine significant predictors of response. Result: Patients with lower education levels were 2.50 times more likely to have a partial response (p = 0.031) and 4.20 times more likely to experience a progressive response (p = 0.004). Low economic status increased the likelihood of partial (OR = 3.30, p = 0.003) and progressive responses (OR = 6.40, p = 0.001). Each additional kilometre from a healthcare facility raised the risk of partial (OR = 1.20, p = 0.002) and progressive responses (OR = 1.50, p = 0.001). Higher social support decreased the odds of progressive response by 30% (OR = 0.70, p < 0.001). Social inequalities—particularly related to education, income, distance to care, and social support—significantly affect treatment response among breast cancer patients undergoing NAC.

Consulasion: This study fills a gap in the existing literature by utilizing real-world, community-based data to examine chemotherapy response through a health equity lens, moving beyond biologically centered models. It contributes theoretically by aligning findings with the social determinants of health framework, offering insights into structural disparities in cancer care. These findings emphasize the urgent need for integrated health promotion interventions aimed at improving health literacy, strengthening community support systems, and reducing structural barriers to care. Empowering underserved populations through community-based strategies is essential for equitable cancer outcomes.

Knowledge and Family Support in Nutritional Management of Productive Age Hemodialysis Patients

Esi Afriyanti, Boby Febri Krisdianto, Chichi Hafifa Transyah — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a condition of total kidney failure whose prevalence continues to increase, mainly affecting productive age groups who contribute significantly to the family and country's economy. ESRD patients generally undergo hemodialysis, which causes high-cost burdens and significant changes in life due to physical impacts, absence from work, and effects of therapy. Quality and compliance with hemodialysis, including nutrition and fluid management, are essential because non-compliance can lead to decreased productivity, increased morbidity, and patient mortality. Optimal nutrition and fluid management require support and knowledge from the family. This study aimed to analyze the interaction of family knowledge and support with nutrition and fluid management in hemodialysis patients as measured by the results of clinical laboratory examinations in the productive age group.

Methods: This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional survey design involving 191 hemodialysis patients using a purposive sampling technique with certain criteria in West Sumatra, an area known for its unique culture and dietary patterns.

The study was conducted in four hemodialysis referral hospitals. The knowledge instrument was compiled based on the Kidney Disease Questionnaire and chronic kidney disease nutrition guidelines, consisting of 23 statements, and the Family Support Instrument was adapted from the Family Support Scale (FSS) with 19 statement items. Nutrition and fluid management data were collected through observation sheets based on clinical laboratory results such as urea, creatinine, albumin, sodium, potassium, and IDWG. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used with a significance level of ?<0.05

Results: The results showed no significant relationship between knowledge and Hemoglobin, creatinine, sodium, potassium, and Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG) (p>0.05). However, knowledge was related to urea (p=0.037) with weak strength and a negative direction (r = -0.151). Family support was not significantly related to Hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, and IDWG levels (p>0.05).

Conclusion: This study shows that knowledge is only related to urea levels, while family support has no significant effect on nutritional and fluid compliance. These findings emphasize the importance of personal education, intensive monitoring, and family involvement in supporting nutritional and fluid management in hemodialysis patients.

Optimizing Local Resources for Stunting Prevention and Community Health Promotion in Indonesia: A Mixed-Methods Study on Collaborative Communication and Extension

Ninuk Purnaningsih, Eny Palupi, Sulassih Sulassih, Anita Primaswari Widhiani — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Stunting remains a major public health concern, particularly in rural areas with limited institutional capacities. This study introduces a novel application of the Resource-Based View (RBV) framework in the context of community health in rural Indonesia, integrating local resource optimization, collaborative communication, and institutional extension to enhance the role of Posyandu cadres in preventing stunting.

Methods: This mixed-methods study, using a pre-post-test design combined with qualitative triangulation, was conducted between February and August of 2024. The study involved structured learning needs assessments followed by mentoring interventions. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 30 cadres, 9 female leaders, and 57 toddler mothers in selected rural communities through focus group discussions, participatory assessments, interactive feedback sessions, and quantitative pre-post evaluations.

Results: The intervention improved the Posyandu cadres’ competencies in nutrition counseling, healthy food preparation, public speaking, and counseling. Structured collaborative communication between cadres, community leaders, and healthcare professionals enhances coordination and aligns training with community needs. Notably, the integration of digital platforms, such as WhatsApp, facilitated ongoing mentoring, wider outreach, and program continuity. Participatory mechanisms further increased program responsiveness and sustainability, whereas local leadership engagement strengthened institutional legitimacy and community ownership.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that collaborative communication, capacity building, and institutional support effectively strengthen the role of Posyandu cadres in preventing stunting by improving both technical and communication skills. By integrating the Resource-Based View (RBV), collaborative communication, and institutional extension frameworks, this study offers a novel and scalable model for optimizing local resources and designing context-specific empowerment programs in resource-limited rural settings. However, the limitations include the small sample size, rural focus, and absence of a control group, indicating the need for larger randomized controlled trials and further research on long-term sustainability.

Education, Parity, and Health Worker Support Associations to Postpartum Care in Indonesian Context

Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Maternal mortality during the postpartum period remains a significant public health concern. In 2022, most cases of maternal deaths in Semarang City occurred during postpartum period. Maternal knowledge and attitudes regarding postpartum selfcare are essential for preventing complications. Midwives’ visit to postpartum mothers’ program in Indonesia can be improved to increase mothers’ knowledge and attitude on postpartum care. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated to postpartum care in urban area of Indonesia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 90 postpartum mothers selected from three primary health care centers in Semarang City, which were chosen based on high numbers of postpartum mothers and demographic variations. Data were collected using validated, structured interviews to assess maternal knowledge, attitudes, and health worker support. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation tests and multiple linear regressions to determine the associations between socio demographic factors and postpartum care indicators.

Results: The average maternal knowledge score (8.2 ± 1.16), and the attitude score were good (22.2 ± 2.82). The knowledge of mothers was lack in face’s sign of preeclampsia. The attitude of mothers was lack in self-assessment on breast inflammation. Educational attainment (p = 0.061) and parity (p = 0.015) positively correlated to knowledge. Age (p = 0.014), parity (p = 0.049), and support from health workers (p = 0.041) significantly associated to maternal attitudes.

Conclusion: Higher levels of education and strong support from health workers were associated to improved maternal knowledge and attitudes toward postpartum care. These findings showed the importance of interventions on postpartum care. Focusing on less educated mothers and enhancing healthcare engagement are important to reduce postpartum related complications and maternal mortality.

The Adoption, Acceptance, and Perceived Usefulness of Health Information Systems: A Scopus-Based Bibliometric Review Using VOSviewer (2014-2024)

Alikha Rahma Aurea, Firman Pribadi — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The integration of Health Information Systems (HIS) has transformed healthcare by incorporating systems for acquiring, processing, analyzing, and sending critical information, therefore enhancing management efficiency. This study aimed to identify users' adoption, acceptance, and perceived utility of HIS using bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database from 2014 to 2024, concentrating on the literature regarding HIS.

Methods: The present research utilized a bibliometric methodology. This study includes 418 articles from the Scopus database that met the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were limited to English-language articles and review papers published between 2014 and 2024. Duplicate records and non-open-access publications were excluded. The dataset was transformed into RIS and CSV formats and analyzed using VOSviewer, applying clustering, overlay, and density visualization techniques to reveal thematic structure, collaboration patterns, and the temporal evolution of research on HIS.

Results: The United States leads in HIS publications, contributing 137 articles between 2014 and 2024. The Journal of Medical Internet Research is the most prolific journal with 16 articles, and Bates, D.W., is the leading author with 7 publications. Key factors influencing HIS adoption and acceptance include technological infrastructure, user training, and organizational support. Theories such as the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) are commonly applied to explain acceptance by users and managers. Keyword analysis revealed major themes including patient care, telemedicine, mHealth, COVID-19 impacts, acceptance, and satisfaction. Perceived benefits driving HIS utilization involve time-saving, effort reduction, cost efficiency, and overall effectiveness.

Conclusion: The effective implementation of HIS depends on elevated levels of user acceptance and perceived usefulness, which directly affect the purpose of utilizing these technologies. The utilization of HIS enhances satisfaction among healthcare providers and patients, while also reducing healthcare costs and improving clinical procedures and care quality.

The Effect of Yoga on Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review

Putu Emy Suryanti, Ella Nurlaella Hadi — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Substance use disorder become pervasive global issue, and have the impacts on disability and mortality. Substance use disorder within the context of drug addiction is a multifaceted disorder characterized by recurrent psychological and physiological dysfunction resulting from the continued use of drugs. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of yoga as a complementary therapy for people with substance use disorder to promote yoga as complementary therapy in drug rehabilitation to prevent relapse.

Methods: This systematic review utilised secondary data retrieved from four electronic databases: PubMed, SAGE, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. The keywords are: “yoga” and “substance use disorder”, used the Boolean Operator, utilizing both AND and OR codes to refine the search parameters. The data collection applying PICOS (Populations, Interventions, Comparisons, Outcomes, Study Design) as a full inclusion criteria framework to refine literature selection.

Results: A total of 10 selected articles were eligible based on the criterias. Most reviewed articles show the beneficial effects of yoga as a complementary therapy for SUD. Yoga had positive effects to decrease several physical and psychological issues, also reduce addictive behaviors. Yoga is low cost and low risk treatment, both culturally acceptable and accessible treatment. Overall, yoga recommended as complemenntary therapy in drug rehabilitation.

Conclusion: This study contributes to understanding the effects of yoga on substance use disorder. Yoga has positive effects on physiological, psychological, and behavioral domain. This review provides insight into promote yoga as complementary for comprehensive drug rehabilitation. A future meta-analysis can yield a quantitative assessment of yoga's efficacy as a therapeutic intervention.

A Bibliometric Mapping of mHealth Application in University Mental Health Policy and Practice

Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Mental health issues among university students are becoming increasingly prevalent and have a significant impact on academic performance and overall well-being. In response, mobile health (mHealth) applications and digital psychometric tools have emerged as promising solutions for expanding access to mental health support. However, challenges remain in terms of effectiveness, user engagement, long-term scalability, and integration into institutional frameworks and policy systems.

Methods: This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using three established techniques co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, and co-word analysis to examine the evolution of digital mental health research in higher education. These complementary methods collectively provide a triangulated understanding of intellectual foundations, thematic development, and conceptual trends. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database, filtered for relevance, and visualized using VOSviewer software to identify key themes, conceptual structures, and research trends.

Results: The analysis identified four major co-citation clusters centered on psychometric tools and digital intervention strategies, three bibliographic coupling clusters highlighting challenges in engagement and implementation, and five Co-word clusters representing emerging research areas such as mindfulness apps, resilience, and digital literacy. Findings reveal growing interdisciplinary collaboration, yet highlight persistent barriers in user adherence, cultural adaptation, and policy development.

Conclusion: The study provides a structured overview of current research on digital mental health interventions in higher education, uncovering gaps in policy integration and long-term effectiveness. It offers practical insights for educators, healthcare professionals, and policymakers seeking to develop sustainable, evidence-based mental health strategies. Moving forward, institutions must focus on inclusive design, ethical data use, and institutional readiness to enhance the impact and scalability of digital mental health tools.

Mapping Global Research on Infection Prevention and Control for Patient Safety: A Scopus, and VOSviewer Based Bibliometric Analysis (2019–2024)

Abdullah Miry, Maria Ulfa — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Infection prevention and control (IPC) have a significant impact on patient safety and healthcare quality, particularly in global health catastrophes such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to examine global research trends in infection prevention and control (IPC) and patient safety between 2019 and 2024. In addition to providing insight into the development and direction of IPC research, it highlights significant authors, issue fields, and notable works.

Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Scopus database, encompassing a total of 180 documents as of April 1, 2025. The inclusion criteria were documented type ‘Articles’ and ‘reviews’ subject area ‘medicine’ and ‘nursing’ language ‘English’ from 2019- 2024. Data were analysed using Scopus, VOSviewer version 1.1.20.

Results: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant increase in IPC research, culminating in the highest output in 2024. The United States and the United Kingdom were major contributors, while Switzerland, India, South Africa, and Australia showed strong regional participation. Notably, rising contributions from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) signal growing global inclusivity. Mainly, institutional contributors included the World Health Organisation (WHO) and Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève. D. Pittet was recognised as the most productive author. Citation analysis identified highly influential studies, with the top-cited article being 129 citations. Keyword co-occurrence mapping revealed nine thematic clusters, including infection control practices, personal protective equipment, and healthcare quality improvement.

Conclusion: As demonstrated by the growing research output and global collaboration, the findings reflect the evolution of IPC into a multidisciplinary domain, exposing underexplored regions and themes in the literature. IPC has emerged as a central pillar of

Contemporary health systems. Rising contributions from low— and middle-income countries indicate increased global engagement and adherence to international standards.

Research Trends in Road Safety (2013-2023): A bibliometric Review Using Science Mapping Techniques on Human and Technological Factors

Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Road safety remains a pressing global public health issue, marked by rising rates of traffic-related accidents, injuries, and fatalities. While various interventions have been implemented, there is still limited understanding of how human factors, trust in automated systems, and hazard perception influence safety outcomes in both autonomous and semi-autonomous driving contexts. This study aims to explore research trends and knowledge gaps in road safety using a bibliometric approach, focusing on the intersection between human behavioral factors and emerging intelligent transport technologies.

Methods: This study employs a bibliometric research design to analyze the scholarly literature on road safety and campaign-related studies, covering the period from 2013 to 2023 and using Scopus as the primary database.

Results: By applying science mapping techniques specifically bibliographic coupling and co-word analysis, a total of 581 peer-reviewed journal articles were examined. From these, 114 highly cited publications were identified and grouped into five thematic clusters based on bibliographic coupling and four keywords-based domains from co-words analysis. The results underscore the growing role of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), Connected Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS), and artificial intelligence (AI)-based risk prediction in reducing traffic incidents. Key areas of concern include behavioral adaptation, trust in automation, and situational awareness. Recommendations include enhancing regulatory frameworks, reinforcing helmet and speed limit compliance, and incorporating AI-powered predictive models and real-time monitoring systems into urban mobility planning. Additionally, the study emphasizes shifting from traditional media to targeted digital road safety campaigns through social media and mobile applications.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of integrating AI-powered monitoring systems, enforcing data-informed traffic regulations, and implementing targeted behavioral campaigns to reduce accident risks. These strategies should be designed with adaptive models that account for how road users respond to risk and safety interventions. Future research should build interdisciplinary models that merge cognitive psychology, risk perception metrics, and intelligent transport technologies to guide data-driven safety innovations, providing valuable insights for urban planners, policymakers, and traffic safety educators.

Enhancing Health Literacy and Family Competency in Post-Stroke Care Through Health Education: A Community-Based Intervention

Rahmania Ambarika, Novita Ana Anggraini, Herman Adhi Wijayanto — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The lack of knowledge and skills among family members in caring for post-stroke patients can prolong the recovery time and increase the risk of complications. Health education is essential to enhance understanding and optimize caregiver skills. This study examines the effect of structured health education on the knowledge and caregiving skills of families caring for post-stroke patients at the Poncokusumo Community Health Center, Malang.

Methodology: This research employed a pre-experimental design with a total population of 35 families with the post stroke patients at Poncokusumo Community Health Center , from which 32 participants were selected using purposive sampling. The research instrument consisted of a questionnaire, and data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test.

Results: The results show that before the health education intervention, half of the participants had a moderate level of knowledge (16 people, 50.0%). After the intervention, nearly all participants demonstrated good knowledge (28 people, 87.5%). In terms of skills, before the intervention, the majority of participants had poor caregiving skills (19 people, 59.4%). After the intervention, most participants improved to a moderate skill level (19 people, 59.4%). There was a significant effect of health education on family knowledge regarding post-stroke care at Poncokusumo Community Health Center, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05).

Conclusion: Health education is effective in improving family knowledge and skills in caring for post-stroke patients. With structured education, families understand how to care for patients, from mobilization and complication prevention to psychosocial support. Direct training and educational media help them apply skills with more confidence. This increased understanding contributes to better quality of care, accelerates patient recovery, and reduces the risk of complications.

Implementation of Stunting Prevention Policies in Rote Ndao Regency: A Phenomenological Study

William Djani, Jeny J. Therikh , Belandina Liliana Long , Apris A. Adu — Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: This study investigates how stunting prevention policies are implemented in Rote Ndao Regency, Indonesia—a rural district where 1 in 5 children remains stunted despite recent gains.

Methods: The research adopted a qualitative phenomenological single case design, drawing on semi structured interviews (n=12), non participant observations, and document review. Guided by implementation theory, the analysis centred on four variables—communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure—and followed data saturation principles.

Results: Stunting prevalence declined from 22.4% (August?2022) to 21.7% (February 2023) in tandem with a 27% rise in the district health budget (IDR 118 billion IDR 150.7 billion, 2018 2022). Yet implementation remains hampered by human resource imbalances, limited community health worker training, and weak inter sectoral coordination.

Conclusion: Despite these constraints, the commitment of midwives and Posyandu cadres has yielded modest but measurable progress. To sustain gains, we recommend integrated monitoring dashboards, evidence based HR redistribution, and structured community communication packages that embed policy convergence, robust M&E, and deep community participation—cornerstones of cohesive, adaptive, and sustainable rural health governance.

Predictive Effects of Immunization and Low Birth Weight on Stunting in Rural Indonesia: A Case Study from Selayar

Musaidah Musaidah, Normalia Normalia, Andi Irmayanti, Noyumala Noyumala — Fri, 15 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Stunting continues to be a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, especially in rural regions where access to integrated child health services is limited. This study presents a novel dual variable analysis focusing on two interrelated risk factors immunization status and low birth weight (LBW) which have rarely been examined simultaneously in a rural Indonesian setting. It aims to explore the association between immunization coverage and low birth weight (LBW) and their influence on stunting prevalence among children aged 37 to 72 months in the jurisdiction of the Polebunging Health Center, Selayar Regency.

Methods: Employing a cross sectional design, data were collected from 51 children using anthropometric measurements, immunization records, and birth history documentation. The study used WHO growth standards interpreted through Indonesia’s operational framework (the Maternal and Child Health Book, or KIA Book)

Results: Findings revealed that 11.8% of the children had incomplete immunization, while 9.8% had a history of LBW. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant associations between both risk factors and stunting (p < 0.05). Children with incomplete immunization were eight times more likely to be stunted, and those with LBW had twelve times higher odds of experiencing growth faltering. These results align with prior literature highlighting the importance of early preventive interventions in child development

Conclusion: This study contributes localized, high resolution evidence on the predictive roles of immunization and LBW in rural child stunting, reinforcing the need for integrated maternal and child health strategies. While the sample size and non-random sampling limit generalizability, the findings offer actionable insights for targeted interventions in similar socio epidemiological contexts. Future longitudinal studies are recommended to validate causal relationships and inform scalable public health policies.